微塑料及卤代有机污染物在洞庭湖的赋存研究进展

洞庭湖是中国第二大淡水湖，其生态价值十分重要。目前洞庭湖新污染物相关研究比较缺乏，也没有系统的综述进行归纳总结。微塑料和卤代有机污染物是近年来备受关注的新污染物，搜集历年研究成果，对这2类污染物在洞庭湖的污染水平、分布方式、污染来源进行归纳总结：洞庭湖微塑料污染水平在世界范围内处于中等，其主要来源包括上游输入、居民日常生活、农业生产及工业生产，湖泊各区域微塑料污染水平差异明显。卤代有机污染物在洞庭湖的浓度呈现随时间推移而降低的趋势，目前整体生态风险较低，但生物累积效应仍然值得警惕。在未来研究中应当关注河流与湖泊之间的相互影响，探究微塑料和卤代有机污染物对洞庭湖区生物造成的生物毒性，建立科学完善的监测方法并结合湖区具体情况对污染防治措施及污染物处理技术开展研究。

Research Progress of Microplastics and OHCs Occurrence in Dongting Lake

Dongting Lake is the second largest freshwater lake in China which has important ecological significance. There is a lack of research and systematic review on emerging pollutants in Dongting Lake. Microplastics and halogenated organic pollutants (OHCs) are new pollutants which have attracted much attention in recent years. This review collected the research of past years and reviewed the level of pollution, distributions and sources of these two pollutants in Dongting Lake. Microplastic pollution in Dongting Lake is in the middle level around the world, and its main sources include upstream input, daily life of residents, agricultural and industrial production. The concentration of halogenated organic pollutants (OHCs) in Dongting Lake shows a trend of decreasing over past decades, and the overall ecological risk is low at present, but the bioaccumulation effect is still worthy of vigilance. In the future, researchers should pay attention to the interaction between rivers and lakes, explore the biological toxicity caused by microplastics and halogenated organic pollutants to Dongting Lake area, establish scientific monitoring methods, and carry out research on pollution prevention measures and its remediation.