合肥市冬季灰霾天气PM_(2.5)源解析

于2016年12月30日—2017年2月4日,利用单颗粒气溶胶飞行时间质谱仪(SPAMS),对合肥市PM_(2.5)开展来源解析连续监测,共捕捉到4次较为明显的灰霾过程,对颗粒物种类及质谱特征进行了分析。结果显示,监测期间合肥市主要颗粒物成分为元素碳(EC)(31. 9%)、富钾(K)(16. 6%)、有机碳(OC)(16. 0%)及混合碳颗粒(ECOC)(15. 0%)等。主要污染源为机动车尾气源(24. 5%)、工业工艺源(22. 7%)、燃煤源(14. 1%)、二次无机源(13. 5%)等。污染天气发生时,工业工艺源占比上升2. 2个百分点,生物质燃烧和燃煤源占比分别下降1. 7和2. 7个百分点,机动车尾气和扬尘源基本持平,表明此次污染过程主要受到工业工艺源的累积影响。

Study on Source Apportionment of PM2.5 During Haze Period of Hefei in Winter

From Dec. 30, 2016 to Feb. 4, 2017, continuous monitoring of PM_2.5 in Hefei City was carried out by single particle aerosol time of flight mass spectrometer (SPAMS). Four distinct haze processes were captured, and the species and mass spectrometric characteristics of particulates were analyzed. The results showed that the main particulate matter components in Hefei during the monitoring period were elemental carbon (EC) (31.9%), potassium (K) (16.6%), organic carbon (OC) (16.0%) and mixed carbon (ECOC) (15.0%). The main pollution sources were motor vehicle exhaust (24.5%), industrial process source (22.7%), coal fired source (14.1%) and secondary inorganic source (13.5%). When polluted weather occurred, the proportion of industrial process sources increased by 2.2 percentage points, the proportion of biomass combustion and coal fired sources decreased by 1.7 percentage points and 2.7 percentage points respectively, while the sources of motor vehicle exhaust and dust were basically the same, indicating that the pollution process was mainly affected by the accumulation of industrial process sources.