3种大环内酯类抗生素对海洋发光菌的毒性作用

以海洋发光菌为受试生物，研究了红霉素、罗红霉素、乙酰螺旋霉素3种抗生素的单一和联合毒性作用。基于常见的3种联合作用评价方法，对混合体系的联合毒性作用进行了评价研究。结果表明，3种抗生素对发光菌单独作用的半最大效应浓度(EC₅₀)分别为:0.725 9×10^-3，1.207 8×10^-3和0.633×10^-3mol/L；二元联合体系对发光菌的毒性强弱为：红霉素+乙酰螺旋霉素>罗红霉素+红霉素>罗红霉素+乙酰螺旋霉素。3种抗生素联合体系作用类型的不同与每种抗生素不同取代基对微生物生理生化过程的影响有关。在选择的联合研究体系中，以毒性单位法获得参数的数值较大，灵敏度较高。研究大环内酯类抗生素对发光菌的毒性作用可为环境风险评价提供基础数据。

Toxicity of Three Macrolide Antibiotics to Marine Photobacterium Phosphoreum

In this paper, marine photobacterium phosphoreum were used as test organisms to research the single and combined toxic effects of erythromycin, roxithromycin and acetylspiramycin. The joint toxicity was evaluated by three common evaluating methods. The results showed that EC₅₀ of the single toxic effects of three antibiotics on photobacterium phosphoreum were: 0.725 9×10^-3, 1.207 8×10^-3 and 0.633×10^-3 mol/L respectively. The toxic effect of the binary mixed system on photobacterium phosphoreum ranged as follows: erythromycin + acetylspiramycin > erythromycin + roxithromycin > roxithromycin + acetylspiramycin. The toxic effect types varied with different substituents of each antibiotic which affect the physiological and biochemical process of microbes. Of the evaluating methods, Toxic Unit method showed higher value and was most sensitive. Studying the toxic effects of macrolide antibiotics on photobacterium phosphoreum can provide basic data for environmental risk assessment.