地下轨道交通结构噪声与振动频率特性分析

通过研究地下轨道交通现行国家标准与地方标准监测方法与评价量，探讨标准中存在的不足之处。并通过对受地下轨道交通运行过程影响的建筑物进行室内噪声与振动实地测试和数据分析，大胆提出了监测地下轨道交通排放的新思路。即采用1/3倍频程时间历程方法对列车通过全过程产生的结构传声排放与振动排放全时记录，借鉴声暴露级的方法，通过实测各频率数值变化截取列车通过时噪声事件的振动分频振级与结构传声1/3倍频程声压级。对此种方法的数据结果进行各频率噪声与振动相关性分析，得出地下轨道交通运行所产生结构传声污染排放的低频排放特性。通过研究和测量发现，轨道交通所引起的室内结构传声与振动污染能量主要集中于500 Hz 以下低频部分，其峰值出现于40～60 Hz 附近。将其与现行国家或地方标准进行比较，提出了采用特征频率作为事件判别的依据，并将各事件的最终测量结果以低频分频数据进行评价的方式，最终归纳总结了实际地下轨道交通排放频率特性并展望其测量方法。

Structural Noise and Vibration Frequency Characteristics Caused by Underground Rail Transit

By studying the underground rail transit existing national standards and local standards monitoring method and evaluation, we explored the deficiencies existing in the standard.Through the indoor noise and vibration test of the buildings affected by the un-derground rail transportation operation process,we put forward new ideas of the monitoring of the underground rail transport emis-sions.The method used a third octave to record full discharge and vibration of train through the whole process of the structure of the microphone.By taking example of the measured method of sound exposure and testing levels of each frequency numerical change e-vents,we intercepted train noise sound vibration frequency vibration level and structure and a third octave sound pressure level. Through various frequency correlation analysis of noise and vibration on the results,we came to a conclusion of low frequency sound transmission pollution feature caused by the underground rail transit operation structure.The tests showed that the sound and vibra-tion pollution energy caused by underground rail transit operation mainly concentrated in 500 hz low frequency part and the peak ap-peared in 40 ~60 hz.We compared the results with the existing national or local standards,put forward the discrimination base of u-sing characteristic frequency,evaluated the final measurement results in the form of low frequency data,and finally summarized the discharge frequency characteristic of actual underground rail transit and look forward to the measuring method.