上海浦东新区环境空气重金属污染特征及来源解析

于2012年3月—2013年2月在浦东新区城区点和郊区点采集TSP样品,利用双酸消解原子荧光法、ICP法分析了样品中的13种元素。结果表明,除As略超标外其他元素均达标,城区点和郊区点环境空气重金属年均值排在前3位的元素是:Fe、Sn、Zn,占样品金属总量的83%~87%;排在末4位的元素是:Ni、Cr、As、Cd,占金属总量的1%~2%。通过EPA PMF 5.0模型运算结果,在城区中6个因子贡献比最高的31.5%为Sn+Fe+Mn,贡献比最低的2.1%为Hg;在郊区中6个因子贡献比最高的36.4%为Pb+Cu,贡献比最低的9.2%为Fe+Sn+Mn。浦东新区富集因子E≤10的元素有Cr、V、Ba、Mn、Ni、Fe、Hg城、Cu郊、As;富集因子E10的元素有Hg郊、Cu城、Zn、Pb、Cd、Sn。

Characteristics and Source Apportionment of Heavy Metal Pollution in Ambient Air in Pudong New Area

Samples of TSP were collected from the urban and suburban areas of Pudong new area from March 2012 to February 2013, and 13 elements in the samples were analyzed by atomic fluorescence coupled with dual-acid digest and ICP method.The re-sults showed that all elements in the ambient air were within the limit except as which slightly exceeded the limit.The mass concen-trations of the top three elements were Fe, Sn, and Zn, accounting for 83%-87%of the total metals in the air of urban and subur-ban areas;the least concentrated elements were Ni, Cr, As, Cd, accounting for 1%~2% of the total metals.By EPA PMF5.0 model calculation, the highest contribution ratio among the 6 factors in the urban area was 31.5%for Sn+Fe+Mn;and the lowest was 2.1%for Hg;the highest contribution among the 6 factors in the suburbs was 36.4%for Pb+Cu and the lowest 9.2%for Fe+Sn+Mn.Metals with the enrichment factor E values fell below 10 were Cr, V, Ba, Mn, Ni, Fe,Hgsuburb , Cudowntown , As, and those above the value of 10 were Hgsuburb , Cudowntown , Zn, Pb, Cd, and Sn.