The interaction between concrete pavement and corrosion-induced copper runoff from buildings |
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Authors: | B Bahar G Herting I Odnevall Wallinder K Hakkila C Leygraf M Virta |
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Institution: | (1) Division of Corrosion Science, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Dr. Kristinas v. 51, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden;(2) Division of Microbiology, Department of Applied Chemistry and Microbiology, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, 00014 Helsinki, Finland;(3) Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland |
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Abstract: | Changes in chemical speciation of copper and the capacity of concrete pavement to retain copper in runoff water from external
buildings have been investigated at urban field conditions, and in parallel laboratory experiments simulating outdoor scenarios.
The research study showed the concrete surface to form a copper rich surface layer (≈50 μm thick) upon exposure, and a high
capacity to significantly reduce the bioavailable fraction of released copper (20–95%). The retention capacity of copper varied
between 5 and 20% during single runoff events in the laboratory, and between 10 and 40% of the total copper release during
single natural runoff events. The capacity to retain and reduce the bioavailable fraction of non-retained copper increased
with increasing wetness of the concrete surfaces, increasing pH of the runoff water and decreasing flow rates. Bioassay testing
with bacterial and yeast bioreporters showed the bioavailable fraction of non-retained copper to be significantly lower than
the total copper concentration in the runoff water, between 22 and 40% for bacteria and between 8 and 31% for yeast. The application
of generated data to simulate a fictive outdoor scenario, suggests a significant reduction of bioavailable and total copper
to background values during environmental entry as a result of dilution, and the interaction with solid surfaces, organic
matter and complexing agents already in the drainage system. |
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Keywords: | Atmospheric corrosion Chemical speciation Bioavailability Immobilisation Bioassay testing Environmental fate Copper Concrete |
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