Consistency of observations of forest tree defoliation in three European countries |
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| Authors: | J L Innes G Landmann B Mettendorf |
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| Institution: | (1) Forestry Commission, Alice Holt Lodge, Wrecclesham, Farnham, Surrey, United Kingdom;(2) Centres de Recherches Forestières de Nancy, DEFORPA, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, F-54280 Champenoux, France;(3) Forstliche Versuchs- und Forschungsanstalt Baden-Württemberg, Wonnhaldestrasse 4, Postfach 708, 7800 Freiburg, Germany;(4) Present address: Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, Zürcherstrasse 111, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland;(5) Present address: Staatliches Forstamt Waldkirch, Heitere Weg 15, 7808 Waldkirch, Germany |
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| Abstract: | The crown densities of 186 trees of five common European tree species (Norway spruce (Picea abies), silver fir (Abies alba), Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris), oak (Quercus robur) and beech (Fagus sylvatica) were assessed simultaneously by observation teams from France, Germany and the United Kingdom. Major differences in the scores existed, with the maximum difference on any one tree being 45%. Differences tended to be consistent, with the French team scoring more lightly than the German team and the German team more lightly than the UK team. The differences throw into question the value of international comparisons of forest condition, particularly the use of comparative tables of the extent of  forest decline in individual European countries. |
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