Distribution and sources of PAHs using three pine species along the Ebro River |
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Authors: | Nuno Ratola Arminda Alves Sílvia Lacorte Damià Barceló |
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Institution: | (1) LEPAE, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal;(2) Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Crete, Polytechneioupolis, 73100 Chania, Greece; |
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Abstract: | Needles of three pine species (Pinus halepensis, Pinus pinea and Pinus nigra) were analysed to assess the occurrence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in 34 sites located throughout the Ebro
River, in Northeast Spain. Overall, the concentration varied between 55 and 808 ng g − 1 (dry weight). The three- and four-ring PAHs were the most representative, with phenanthrene having 43% of the total PAH load
and naphthalene showing a high incidence in rural areas. Despite matrix apparent similarities, P. halepensis needles revealed higher entrapment levels than P. nigra and P. pinea, the latter showing the lowest levels. The assessment of possible sources using PAH ratios (phenanthrene/anthracene and fluoranthene/pyrene)
did not reveal a clear tendency regarding the distinction of petrogenic and pyrogenic sources in general, reflecting heterogeneous
sources of PAHs in the Ebro area. |
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