首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
     检索      


Benzene Exposure Assessment at Indoor, Outdoor and Personal Levels. The French Contribution to the Life MACBETH Programme
Authors:Norbert Gonzalez-Flesca  Matthew S Bates  Veronique Delmas  Vincenzo Cocheo
Institution:(1) INERIS, Parc Technologique Alata, B.P 2, 60550 Verneuil en Halatte, France;(2) INERIS, Parc Technologique Alata, B.P 2, 60550 Verneuil en Halatte, France;(3) University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, Herts, AL10 9AB, U.K.;(4) AIR NORMAND, 21 Av. de la Porte des Champs, 76000 Rouen, France;(5) Fondazione Salvatore Maugeri IRCCS, Padova, I-35127, Italy
Abstract:Many VOC represent hazards to human health through chronic exposure. Recent European and world-wide legislation proposes limit values for ambient concentrations of these compounds. However, very little experimental data exists for true population exposure. In 1996, the European MACBETH initiative set out to measure population exposure to benzene in six European cities. This study details the French contribution to this program. Six campaigns were carried out, each comprising measurements at 100 outdoor sites and the participation of 50 non-smoking volunteers who wore personal samplers and had passive monitors installed in their homes. Iso-concentration maps were drawn for each campaign and the results showed that outdoor concentrations were significantly lower than indoors. Almost 75% of the volunteers were exposed to mean concentrations higher than the limit value of 5µgm3. It is demonstrated that personal exposure levels cannot be deduced simply by combining indoor and outdoor background concentrations. It is also shown that there is need for better knowledge of the contributions to overall exposure of outdoor microenvironments and the authors hope that future European directives will take this into account.
Keywords:Benzene  population exposure  indoor air  outdoor air  passive sampling  MACBETH  European legislation  limit value exceedance
本文献已被 SpringerLink 等数据库收录!
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号