新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情医疗废物应急管理与处置

基于我国新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情医疗废物应急管理与处置体系建立过程，分析疫情初期医疗废物管理与处置短板，预测医疗废物产生量随患者人数发展的变化，提出医疗废物突出问题的解决方案。结果表明：及时构建重大疫情医疗废物全过程应急管理与处置技术体系有利于促进医疗废物分类分流管理与处置，迅速提升医疗废物应急处置能力；修正湖北省涉疫情医疗废物和医疗废物平均产生系数分别为3.35 kg/（人·d）和5.15 kg/（人·d）；截至2020年6月6日，全国医疗废物处置能力从疫情前的4 902.8 t/d增至6 245.4 t/d，湖北省具备的医疗废物处置能力由疫情前的180 t/d增至667.4 t/d；疫情期间积累的医疗废物应急管理与技术经验对后疫情时期建立和强化医疗废物应急管理与处置机制具有借鉴意义。

Emergency Management and Disposal of Medical Waste in the COVID-19 Epidemic

Based on the establishment of the medical waste emergency management and disposal system during the COVID-19 epidemic in China,this paper analyses the shortcomings in the management and disposal of medical waste in the early stage of the epidemic,predicts the changes in the generation of medical waste with the number of patients,and proposes solutions to the major problems of medical waste management and disposal.The conclusions are:Timely construction of the whole process emergency management and disposal technology system of medical waste in major epidemics is conducive to promoting the classification and diversion management and disposal of medical waste,and the improvement of the emergency disposal capacity.The average production coefficients of COVID-19 medical waste and all-inclusive medical waste in Hubei Province are modified to 3.35 kg per person per day and 5.15 kg per person per day respectively.As of June 6,2020,the national medical waste disposal capacity has increased from 4 902.8 t/d (before the epidemic) to 6 245.4 t/d,with an increase in the medical waste disposal capacity of Hubei Province from 180 t/d to 667.4 t/d.The experience on medical waste emergency management and disposal accumulated in this epidemic is significant for the establishment of the routine-emergency combined mode during the post-epidemic period.