我国典型村庄农村环境质量监测与评价

选取典型村庄,基于农村环境质量监测和评价方法,对典型村庄2014年农村环境质量进行监测和评价,结果表明:典型村庄环境空气质量状况总体良好,达标比例为82.0%,超标村庄多分布在中国西北地区;农村饮用水源地水质较差,总体水质达标比例为67.1%,地表水和地下水饮用水源地水质达标比例分别为89.8%和52.6%;农村地表水环境质量欠佳,Ⅰ~Ⅲ类水质断面占72.7%,饮用水水源地和地表水水质各地区均存在超标村庄;部分地区土壤重金属超标问题较为突出,出现监测项目超标情况村庄占20.6%,土壤超标村庄主要集中在中国东北、华中和华南等地区;农村生态质量状况相对较好,"较差"和"差"的县域主要分布在中国西北和华中北部地区。

Rural Environmental Quality Monitoring and Assessment of Typical Villages of China

Based on rural environmental quality monitoring and assessment methods, typical villages were selected in China which typical villages environmental quality were monitored and assessed in 2014, and the results showed that typical village ambient air quality were good generally, the standard-reaching rate was 82.0%, exceeding the villages are located Northwest of China; water quality of rural drinking water sources was poor, the overall standard-reaching rate was 67.1%, water quality standard-reaching rate were 89.8% and 52.6% of surface water and groundwater drinking water sources respectively; the rural poor in surface water quality, Class I-III water accounted for 72.7%, drinking water and surface water of exceeded the village exist in every province; over the standard issue of heavy metals in the soil in some areas more prominent, exceedances villages the standard-reaching rate was 20.6% of the monitoring heavy metals project, its distributed mainly in in northeast, central China and south China; rural ecological quality was good relatively, "poor" and "poorer" counties distributed mainly in the northwest and northern regions of central China.