基于标准雨量计的降水采样方法比较

对太原市2013年7—11月的大气降水使用标准雨量计、国产A型和进口B型自动降水采样设备进行同步记录,分析国产A型和进口B型设备采集降水样品的p H、电导率和无机阴阳离子。结果表明,进口B型设备采集降水样品的降雨量(155.35 mm)比标准雨量计记录值(117.50 mm)高32.21%,而国产A型设备采集降水样品的降雨量(107.12mm)比标准雨量计记录值低8.83%。7—9月的15场降水,国产A型设备采集大多数降水样品的电导率和离子加权浓度均值基本上低于进口B型设备,差异程度分别达65.51%和62.52%;而p H则基本上高于进口B型,酸雨比例差异程度为61.53%。

Comparison of Collecting Methods of Precipitation Based on the Standard Precipitation Gauge

Rainfall was recorded synchronously during the period from July 2013 to November 2013 in Taiyuan by the standard gauge, automatic precipitation domestic sampler A and imported sampler B. Rain samples were collected by domestic sampler A and imported sampler B, and the important rain parameters, such as pH value, electrical conductivity and major inorganic ions were analyzed. The results showed that:the rainfall (155.35 mm) collected by imported sampler B was higher than the record values (117.50 mm) by the standard precipitation gauge by 32.21%, and the rainfall (107.12 mm) by domestic sampler A was lower than the standard precipitation gauge by 8.83%. In terms of 15 fields of precipitation during the period from July 2013 to September 2013, pH values in samples by domestic sampler A were higher than imported sampler B, which led to 61.53% difference in the frequency of acid rain. While the electrical conductivity and weighted ions average concentrations in most samples by domestic sampler A were lower than those by imported sampler B, and the difference degree could reach 65.51% and 62.52%, respectively.