松花江流域水生态环境中生物与生境和化学要素间的关联 性研究

利用2012年松花江流域生物、生境和水质的调查数据,采用生物完整性指数(IBI)评价松花江流域的水生态环境质量,并着重对IBI评价结果与生境质量、水质间的关系及生物与生境和化学参数间的相关关系进行了分析。结果表明,松花江流域IBI评价结果与其生境质量存在显著正相关,与水质评价结果基本一致。生境质量及大多数生境参数均与多项生物参数间存在显著/极显著的相关关系;其次,COD、CODMn、BOD5、TN、TP等超标化学因子也与多项生物参数存在显著/极显著的相关关系,说明生境受损和有机污染压力是引起松花江流域水生态环境质量变化的主要压力。为恢复和改善松花江流域的水生态质量,研究建议针对流域生境质量和超标化学污染开展相应的保护和控制措施。

Study on the Correlation Between Biological and Habitat,Chemical Elements of Water Ecosystem Quality in Songhua River Basin

In 2012, the data of biology, habitat, water quality were collected and used to assess the water ecosystem quality in Songhua River basin with index of biotic integrity (IBI). The relationship of IBI assessment results, habitat quality and water quality, and the relationship between biological and habitat, chemical parameters were analyzed emphatically. The results showed that in Songhua River basin, IBI assessment result had a significant positive correlation with habitat quality, and was basically the same as the result of water quality assessment. Habitat quality and most of habitat parameters were significantly/most significantly correlated with most biological parameters. Secondly, these chemical factors exceeding the standard, as COD, COD_Mn, BOD₅, TN, TP etc also were significantly/most significantly correlated with most biological parameters, which showed that the damage of habitat quality and the organic pollution pressure was still the main stress, which caused the changes of water ecosystem quality of Songhua River basin. This research suggest that protection and corresponding control measures for habitat quality and chemical pollution should be carried out.