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西南某省14种尾矿重金属浸出量及总量分析
引用本文:黎宁,王金生,王业耀,杨海菊,黄良美,刘捷.西南某省14种尾矿重金属浸出量及总量分析[J].中国环境监测,2015,31(3):70-76.
作者姓名:黎宁  王金生  王业耀  杨海菊  黄良美  刘捷
作者单位:北京师范大学, 北京 100875;广西壮族自治区环境监测中心站, 广西 南宁 530028,北京师范大学, 北京 100875,北京师范大学, 北京 100875;中国环境监测总站 国家环境保护环境监测质量控制重点实验室, 北京 100012,广西壮族自治区环境监测中心站, 广西 南宁 530028,广西壮族自治区环境监测中心站, 广西 南宁 530028,广西壮族自治区环境监测中心站, 广西 南宁 530028
基金项目:环保部公益项目 (201309032);广西科学研究与技术开发计划(2014DD29046)
摘    要:研究中国西南某省不同类型尾矿的重金属浸出量及总量,为尾矿的污染防范、环境管理和综合利用提供参考和建议。采集了14种类型共164个有代表性尾矿进行浸出毒性试验,并分析其中79个典型尾矿样品的9种重金属含量,以评估其污染风险和综合利用价值。结果表明,有5种类型共7个样品出现浸出毒性超标,分别为铅锌矿、镍矿、银矿、铁矿、锰矿,总体超标率为4.3%。超标元素分别为砷、镉、锌、铅、铜、镍等6种元素,最大超标倍数分别为砷18.3倍、锌4.8倍、镉3.0倍、铅0.56倍、铜0.32倍、镍0.16倍;尾矿含有较多重金属,其中砷、锌、铅、铜含量较高,最高分别达到11.75%、2.60%、1.01%、0.29%,不同类型尾矿其重金属含量各有不同,铅锌矿尾矿的重金属总量最高。总体上,该省绝大多数尾矿为普通固废,少部分为危险废物,砷、镉、锌、铅、铜、镍等6种元素存在污染风险,其中砷元素是最主要污染物;尾矿由于重金属含量较高而有一定的综合利用价值。

关 键 词:尾矿  类型  浸出试验  重金属
收稿时间:2014/5/21 0:00:00
修稿时间:8/3/2014 12:00:00 AM

Analysis on the Heavy Metal Leaching and Content of 14 Types of Tailings in a Certain Southwestern Province
LI Ning,WANG Jin-sheng,WANG Ye-yao,YANG Hai-ju,HUANG Liang-mei and LIU Jie.Analysis on the Heavy Metal Leaching and Content of 14 Types of Tailings in a Certain Southwestern Province[J].Environmental Monitoring in China,2015,31(3):70-76.
Authors:LI Ning  WANG Jin-sheng  WANG Ye-yao  YANG Hai-ju  HUANG Liang-mei and LIU Jie
Institution:Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;Guangxi Environmental Monitoring Centre, Nanning 530028, China,Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China,Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Quality Control in Environmental Monitoring, China National Environmental Monitoring Centre, Beijing 100012, China,Guangxi Environmental Monitoring Centre, Nanning 530028, China,Guangxi Environmental Monitoring Centre, Nanning 530028, China and Guangxi Environmental Monitoring Centre, Nanning 530028, China
Abstract:The heavy metal pollution risk of different types of tailings were investigated for suggestions of comprehensive utilization, environmental management, and pollution prevention of tailings. Collecting 14 types of 162 representative tailing samples from a southwestern province in China, leaching tests for toxicity evaluation was then conducted, while 9 heavy metals content of 79 samples were determinated, to evaluate the pollution risk and comprehensive utilization value. Results showed that there were 7 samples, 5 types of gold, nickel, silver, iron and manganese tailings, exceed standard of leaching toxicity, the overall exceeding standard is 4.3%. The exceeding elements and the biggest exceeding standard times respectively are As, 18.3 times , Zn, 4.8 times, Cd, 3.0 times, Pd, 0.56 times, Cu, 0.32 times, Ni, 0.16 times. There were much metal in tailings, the highest concentrations of As, Zn, Pd, Cu are 11.75%, 2.60%, 1.01%, 0.29% respectively. Heavy metal content in different types of tailings were various, while lead-zinc mine tailing contain highest heavy metals content.Conclusion was made that the most tailings collected from the province south-western china were ordinary solid waste, while a small part of samples were hazardous wastes. And 6 metals(As, Pd, Cu, Zn, Cd and Ni) were pollution hazard, while As was the main pollutant. tailings have comprehensive utilization value to some extent due to its heavy metals content.
Keywords:tailings  type  leaching test  heavy metals
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