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交通干道沿线土壤重金属监测与评估综述
引用本文:朱梦杰,汤琳,刘丹青.交通干道沿线土壤重金属监测与评估综述[J].中国环境监测,2015,31(3):84-91.
作者姓名:朱梦杰  汤琳  刘丹青
作者单位:上海市环境监测中心, 上海 200235,上海市环境监测中心, 上海 200235,上海市环境监测中心, 上海 200235
摘    要:公路运营所带来的铅、镉、锌等重金属污染物对人体健康安全存在着潜在和长期的影响。近年来,开展交通干道沿线重金属污染监测与评估工作已经成为环境监测工作的重要内容。从监测技术、评估方法、可能影响因素等几个方面对该领域的研究进展及成果进行了综述。采样段面的选取、点位的布设与样品的收集应该同时遵循全面性和代表性的原则。在同一交通干道内,均匀布置采样段面的同时可以尽量包含高车流量、中车流量与低车流量3种类型。考虑到重金属在横向距离上的分布规律,可以在0~100 m处设置密集采样点位,在100~300 m处设置适量采样点位。评估方法一般同时采用Kriging空间插值分析、污染指数分析、多元统计分析,生态风险评价与健康风险评价等多种分析方法。

关 键 词:交通干道  重金属  土壤  调查  风险评价
收稿时间:2014/12/24 0:00:00
修稿时间:2015/1/14 0:00:00

Monitor and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in the Soils along the Main Road-A Review
ZHU Meng-jie,TANG Lin and LIU Dan-qing.Monitor and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in the Soils along the Main Road-A Review[J].Environmental Monitoring in China,2015,31(3):84-91.
Authors:ZHU Meng-jie  TANG Lin and LIU Dan-qing
Institution:Shanghai Environmental Monitoring Centre, Shanghai 200235, China,Shanghai Environmental Monitoring Centre, Shanghai 200235, China and Shanghai Environmental Monitoring Centre, Shanghai 200235, China
Abstract:Heavy metals, including lead, cadmium and zinc, induced by the traffic activities led potential and long-term influences on human's health. Recently, the relative environmental monitoring and pollution assessment had been a critical task. The review was based on previous researches on the monitoring and assessment of heavy metals pollution in the soils along the main road. The layout and collecting of samplings in practice should accompany with the comprehensive and representative guideline. For the same main road, the high traffic flux, the moderate traffic flux and the low traffic flux should be taken into consideration. Considering the distribution characteristics of the heavy metals in the soils along the main road, the layout of samplings could be set densely from 0 to 100 m and moderately from 100 to 300 m. Besides, many ways of assessment should be adopted at the same time to get an extensive knowledge, including the Kriging interpolation, the pollution index analysis, the ecological risk assessment and the health risk assessment.
Keywords:main road  heavy metal  soil  monitor  risk assessment
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