粤港澳大湾区生态环境监测发展现状与展望

"十四五"期间,粤港澳大湾区将会迎来新一轮大开发、大建设、大发展,绿色发展与山水林田湖草一体化保护将面临更大的机遇与挑战。生态环境监测作为生态环境保护的重要基础,亟需强化支撑、引领、服务作用。文章对粤港澳大湾区生态环境监测发展现状进行了梳理,从环境质量状况、生态环境管理、环境监测网络等方面将粤港澳大湾区与东京、纽约、旧金山三大世界级湾区进行系统比较,对标查找差距与不足,并对面临的机遇与挑战进行了深入剖析。在此基础上,针对生态环境监测区域布局、现代感知网络、智慧应用与"美丽湾区"综合评价、联合监测与信息发布、产学研用一体化等方面,提出了粤港澳大湾区当前及今后一个时期生态环境监测发展的相关建议。

Development Status and Prospect of the Ecological and Environmental Monitoring in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area

The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area expects another round of developments during the 14th Five-Year Plan period.Both opportunities and challenges are to be tackled by the green development and the integrated protection of mountain, river, lake, forest, farmland, and grassland ecosystems.The ecological and environmental monitoring, which is essential to environmental protection, urges to optimize a supporting, piloting and servicing character.Therefore, this paper sorts out the development status of ecological and environmental monitoring in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, and makes comparison to keep abreast with three world-class bay areas (Tokyo, New York, San Francisco) on the environmental quality, ecological environment management, and environmental monitoring network.Furthermore, we analyze the possible challenges and opportunities.In sum, we forward suggestions on the current and future development of ecological and environmental monitoring in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, focusing on monitoring distribution, modern sensing network, smart application, integrated estimation on the beautiful bays, joint monitoring and information release, amalgamation of industry, education, research and application.