基于“天-空-地”一体化的生态保护红线区监管评价体系构建及应用ADDINCNKISM.UserStyle

科学监管评价生态保护红线区生态环境是合理利用自然资源和充分保护生态环境的基础,对推动国家生态文明建设具有重要意义。该研究基于“天-空-地”一体化获取多源数据,结合GIS和RS空间分析,从生态系统格局和质量、人类活动、环境限制4个方面选取25个指标,构建了生物多样性维护生态保护红线区监管评价体系,并以泰山生态保护红线区为例进行分析研究。结果表明:2000—2015年,研究区生态系统格局、生态系统质量、人类活动状况3个分指数得分及生态环境综合得分均呈现先降后升的趋势,就综合得分而言,2000—2005年、2005—2010年得分降幅分别为18.73%和5.24%,2010年得分最低(41.97分),而2010—2015年得分增幅为81.63%,2015年得分为76.23分,生态环境综合得分评价等级由Ⅱ级升为Ⅰ级。其中城乡居民和工矿用地面积占比、生态系统破碎度和分离度、植被生物量是影响研究区生态环境的关键指标,相关部门应加强对研究区边界处人类活动的监管,并注重生态系统完整性和植被生长状态的保护。该监管评价体系具有较强的实践性、科学性和可操作性,可为生态保护红线区的监管评价提供新思路。

Construction and Application of Supervision and Evaluation System for Red Line Zone of Ecological Protection Based on Sky-Space-Earth Integration

Scientific supervision and evaluation of ecological environment in red line area is the basis of rational utilization of natural resources and full protection of natural environment,and is of great significance to promote the construction of national ecological civilization.In this paper,based on the integration of sky-space-ground to obtain multi-source data,combined with GIS and RS spatial analysis,a supervision and evaluation system for biodiversity conservation and ecological protection red line area was constructed.The system includes 25 indicators of ecosystem pattern and quality,human activities and environmental limitations.This paper took the red line area of biodiversity conservation and ecological protection in Mount Tai as an example to study and analyze the system.The results showed that from 2000 to 2015,the three sub-index scores of ecosystem pattern,ecosystem quality,human activity status and the comprehensive score of ecosystem environment in the study area all showed the trend of decreasing first and then increasing.As far as the comprehensive score was concerned,the decline rates of the comprehensive index of ecological environment in 2000-2005 and 2005-2010 were 18.73% and 5.24%.The lowest score was 41.97 in 2010.From 2010 to 2015,the score increased by 81.63%.In 2015,the comprehensive index of ecological environment was ranked as Grade I,with a score of 76.23.The proportion of urban and rural residents and industrial and mining land,the fragmentation and segregation degree of ecosystem,and the biomass of vegetation were the key indicators affecting the ecological environment of the study area.Relevant departments should strengthen the supervision of human activities at the boundary of the study area,and pay attention to the protection of ecosystem integrity and vegetation growth status.The supervision evaluation system is practical,scientific and operable,and provides new ideas for the supervision and evaluation of the ecological protection red line area.