集中式饮用水源地邻苯二甲酸酯类物质分布特征与健康风险评估

以某地区7个集中式饮用水源地为研究对象,采用固相萃取气相色谱-质谱法(SPE-GC-MS)对水体中16种邻苯二甲酸酯的分布特征和溯源进行了研究,并利用健康风险评估模型对水体PAEs进行了健康风险评价。结果表明:邻苯二甲酸二正丁酯、邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己基)酯、邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯和邻苯二甲酸二正辛酯在所有PAEs同系物中含量丰富,而所有样品均无邻苯二甲酸二(2-甲氧基)乙酯和邻苯二甲酸二戊酯的检出;二水厂和亨达水务断面Σ_(16)PAEs浓度最高,四水厂和五水厂断面Σ_(16)PAEs浓度最低;水体12种PAEs共提出3个主成分,揭示了91%的影响因子;层次聚类分析表明:7个采样断面聚为2类,分别代表了内河和长江水体。水体中PAEs的致癌风险值和非致癌风险值均远低于参考值,说明研究水体PAEs不会对居民构成致癌风险或其他明显的健康风险,但需加强该地区PAEs使用的规范与监管,强化末端处理,以规避风险。

Distribution and Health Risk Assessment of Phthalate Esters in Centralized Drinking Water Source

In this paper, 16 phthalate esters in 7 centralized drinking water sources were analyzed to study their distribution characteristics and origins by solid phase extraction with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Health risks assessment model was used to evaluate the health risk of PAEs in the water body. The results indicated that DBP, DEHP, DIBP and DNOP were rich in all PAEs homologues, and DMEP and DPP were not detected in all samples. The PAEs concentration was the highest at the No.2 waterworks section and Hengda waterworks section. The PAEs concentration was the lowest at the No.4 waterworks section and No.5 waterworks section. Principal component analysis revealed 3 main components of the water body 12 PAEs, explained 91% of the total variation. Hierarchical clustering analysis showed that the 7 sampling sections were clustered into 2 types, which represented the inland river and the Yangtze River, respectively. The carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk values of the water body are much lower than the reference value, which indicates that PAEs in water body will not cause cancer risk or other significant health risks of the residents. However, it is necessary to strengthen the use of PAEs norms and supervision, strengthen the end of the treatment of pollutants in order to avoid risks.