| 青藏高原典型城市拉萨市大气颗粒物污染源成分谱建立研究与特征分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 杨和辰,张丹,楚宝临,张卫东,夏鹏超,袁睿,陈敏,杜敏,冀磊,陈旭,赵矿.青藏高原典型城市拉萨市大气颗粒物污染源成分谱建立研究与特征分析[J].中国环境监测,2017,33(6):46-54. |
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| 作者姓名： | 杨和辰 张丹 楚宝临 张卫东 夏鹏超 袁睿 陈敏 杜敏 冀磊 陈旭 赵矿 |
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| 作者单位： | 重庆大学, 重庆 400044,重庆市环境科学研究院, 重庆 401147,中国环境监测总站, 国家环境保护环境监测质量控制重点实验室, 北京 100012;西藏自治区环境监测中心站, 西藏 拉萨 850000,重庆市环境科学研究院, 重庆 401147,西藏自治区环境监测中心站, 西藏 拉萨 850000,重庆市环境科学研究院, 重庆 401147,重庆市环境科学研究院, 重庆 401147,重庆市环境科学研究院, 重庆 401147,西藏自治区环境监测中心站, 西藏 拉萨 850000,西藏自治区环境监测中心站, 西藏 拉萨 850000,西藏自治区环境监测中心站, 西藏 拉萨 850000 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金资助项目（21407135）；西藏自治区科技计划重点科技项目（Z2014C49G3-9） |
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| 摘 要： | 系统研究建立高原典型城市拉萨市开放源(土壤风沙尘、道路扬尘、施工扬尘、采矿扬尘),移动源(机动车尾气尘),固定源(工业烟粉尘、生物质燃烧尘及餐饮油烟)共3类8种大气颗粒物(PM_(2.5)、PM_(10))污染源化学成分谱。研究结果表明:开放源以地壳类元素为主,自然背景特征明显;移动源源成分谱中元素碳含量明显高于其他城市,在PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)源谱中分别占60.15%、51.86%,有机碳含量也相对较高,均超过20%;固定源中,牛粪和松柏枝两类生物质燃烧污染源的有机碳含量显著高于其他组分,工业烟粉尘中Ca远高于其他组分,在PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)源谱中分别占21.32%、21.21%。移动源、固定源源成分谱均显示出高原城市的独特特征。
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| 关 键 词： | PM2.5 PM10 源成分谱 拉萨 青藏高原 |
| 收稿时间： | 2017/1/24 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2017/4/11 0:00:00 |
Establishment and Analysis of Atmospheric Particulate Matter Source Spectra in the Typical City of Lhasa,Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,China |
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| YANG Hechen,ZHANG Dan,CHU Baolin,ZHANG Weidong,XIA Pengchao,YUAN Rui,CHEN Min,DU Min,JI Lei,CHEN Xu and ZHAO Kuang.Establishment and Analysis of Atmospheric Particulate Matter Source Spectra in the Typical City of Lhasa,Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,China[J].Environmental Monitoring in China,2017,33(6):46-54. |
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| Authors: | YANG Hechen ZHANG Dan CHU Baolin ZHANG Weidong XIA Pengchao YUAN Rui CHEN Min DU Min JI Lei CHEN Xu and ZHAO Kuang |
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| Institution: | Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China,Chongqing Academy of Environmental Sciences, Chongqing 401147, China,State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Quality Control in Environmental Monitoring, China National Environmental Monitoring Centre, Beijing 100012, China;Environmental Monitoring Center of Tibet Autonomous Region, Lhasa 850000, China,Chongqing Academy of Environmental Sciences, Chongqing 401147, China,Environmental Monitoring Center of Tibet Autonomous Region, Lhasa 850000, China,Chongqing Academy of Environmental Sciences, Chongqing 401147, China,Chongqing Academy of Environmental Sciences, Chongqing 401147, China,Chongqing Academy of Environmental Sciences, Chongqing 401147, China,Environmental Monitoring Center of Tibet Autonomous Region, Lhasa 850000, China,Environmental Monitoring Center of Tibet Autonomous Region, Lhasa 850000, China and Environmental Monitoring Center of Tibet Autonomous Region, Lhasa 850000, China |
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| Abstract: | The chemical composition of airborne particulate matter pollution source in a typical plateau city of Lhasa,China,was established and the sources of pollution include open sources (soil dust, road dust, construction dust, mining dust), mobile source (motor vehicle exhaust dust) and stationary sources (industrial smoke dust, biomass burning dust and cooking fumes). It is shown that the open sources are dominated by crustal elements and the influence of natural background is significant. The mobile source component spectrum shows that the elemental carbon content in PM2.5 and PM10 source spectrum accounted for 60.15% and 51.86% respectively, which is obviously higher than that of other cities; the organic carbon contents are all more than 20%, which is relatively high. In stationary sources, the content of organic carbon in the biomass burning sources from cow dung and pine twig were significantly higher than that of other components. The content of calcium in industrial dust was much higher than other components, accounting for 21.32% and 21.21% in PM2.5 and PM10, respectively. Both the mobile source and the stationary source spectrum show the unique characteristics of the plateau city. |
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| Keywords: | PM2 5 PM10 source profile Lhasa Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau |
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