北京市废弃物处理温室气体排放特征

基于《2006年IPCC国家温室气体清单指南》推荐的方法，结合《省级温室气体清单编制指南（试行）》和《城市温室气体核算工具指南》的部分数据与核算范围，针对固体废弃物填埋、焚烧和废水处理等过程，核算了北京市2005-2014年废弃物处理过程中温室气体总排放量。结果表明：2005-2014年北京市废弃物处理过程温室气体总排放量呈逐渐上升趋势，2014年温室气体总排放量比2005年增长98%。10年间，固体废弃物填埋过程一直是最主要的温室气体排放源，到2014年排放量达到最大，为416.3×10⁴t二氧化碳当量（CO₂e）。废弃物填埋、废水处理和废弃物焚烧过程占总排放量的比例分别为78.5%（CO₂e质量分数，下同）、13.5%和8%。结合已有研究，系统优化国内7个典型城市废弃物处理温室气体排放因子，核算7个城市排放情况，并对比分析了北京市排放情况。

Greenhouse Gas Emission Characteristics of Municipal Waste Management in Beijing

The total emissions of greenhouse gas (GHG) from waste disposal in Beijing from 2005 to 2014, especailly for the sectors of solid waste landfill, incineration and wastewater treatment, were estimated on the basis of The 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, Guidelines for Provincial Greenhouse Gas Inventories and Greenhouse Gas Accounting Tool for Chinese Cities. The results showed that there was an uprising trend of total GHG emissions due to waste management from 2005 to 2014. The total GHG emissions of municipal waste management in 2014 increased 98% than in 2005. Landfill accounted for the main fraction of GHG emissions in Beijing in the past ten years, and the total CO₂ (CO₂ equivalent) emissions from waste disposal were 416.3×10⁴ t in 2014. Landfill, wastewater treatment and incineration, covered 78.5%, 13.5% and 8% in 2014, respectively. Combining with the existing research, the greenhouse gas emission factors of 7 typical cities in China were optimized, the emission of 7 cities was calculated, and the emission of Beijing was compared.