鞍山市大气尘和金属元素沉降通量及污染特征

通过采集鞍山市11个点位的降尘样品以及土壤样品,用ICP-MS分析了Cu、Mn、Zn、Pb等元素含量,并计算其沉降通量。结果表明,鞍山地区大气降尘的沉降通量为2.92～59.8g/(m2.month),其中鞍钢厂区沉降通量均值为31.6g/(m2.month),分别是周边地区和对照地区的4.72倍和10.5倍。重金属As、Cr、Pb和Cd的沉降通量分别为3.78、45.5、42.8、0.457g/(hm2.month)。降尘中各元素的富集系数为0.29～190,其中Cu、Fe、Zn、Mo、Cd、Pb和Se的富集系数大于10,说明这些元素主要来自于人为源。鞍钢厂区土壤中Cu、Pb、Mn、Zn、Mo、Cd、Ca、Fe和Se的含量较辽宁省土壤背景值高,说明其土壤环境已经受到了人类活动的影响。

Contamination Characteristics and Deposition Flux of Metal Elements in Atmospheric Deposition to Anshan

Total 11 samples of atmospheric deposition (6 from Anshan Steel Company Limited; 4 from districts around Anshan Steel Company and one from Qianshan district) and 11 surface soil samples from the same sites were collected for one month in the period Jun.-Jul, 2008. V, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mn, Zn, Pb, Ba, Ti, Co, Mo, Cd, Sb, Tl, Ti, As, Se, Mg, Ca and Fe of all samples were analyze by ICP-MS and deposition flux of these elements were calculated. The result of our experiments showed that dust deposition flux of Anshan city ranged from 2.92 to 59.8g/(m²·month). The average of dust deposition flux in Anshan Steel Company was 31.6g/(m²·month), which were 4.72 and 10.5 times higher than that of districts around Anshan Steel Company and Qianshan districts. The averages of deposition flux of Arsenic, Chromium, Lead and Cadmium were 3.78, 45.5, 42.8 and 0.457g/(hm²·month), respectively. Enrichment factors of all elements analyzed ranged from 0.29 to 190, among which the enrichments factors of Copper, Iron, Zinc, Lead, Molybdenum, Cadmium and Selenium were over 10, which showed that these elements in dust were from anthropogenic sources mainly. The concentrations of Copper, Lead, Manganese, Zinc, Molybdenum, Cadmium, Calcium, Iron and Selenium in soil of Anshan Steel Company Limited are higher than the background value of Liaoning Province, which illuminated that human activities had effect the concentrations of these elements in soil.