杭州市钱塘江干支流水质多元统计分析

运用多元统计方法分析了杭州市钱塘江干支流上26个断面的水质监测指标。利用系统聚类分析方法将断面所在河流分为3组,与钱塘江流域污染空间分布现状基本一致。对各组水质的主成分分析表明,第1组河流水质以有机污染为主,水体中氮、磷营养盐浓度较高,水体污染程度较轻,污染来源相对单一;第2组河流水体受有机物、重金属、石油类等多个污染指标的影响,水体水质较第1组差,污染来源相对复杂;第3组河流水体既有一般有机污染,也有重金属、有毒有害物质的污染,水体水质污染严重。

Multivariate Statistical Analysis of Water Quality in Main and Tributary Stream of Qiantangjiang River in Hangzhou

Multiple statistical methods were used to analyze water quality from 26 sampling sites in main and tributary stream of Qiantangjiang river. Hierachical cluster analysis indicated that the monitoring sections can be classified into three groups according to their water quality. The principle component analysis on each group showed that the main information of water quality was different from each other. In first group, the water quality were mainly polluted by organic pollutants, the nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient concentrations were relatively high in these rivers, but the degree of water pollution was light, the pollution sources were also relatively simple. In second group, the rivers were mainly polluted by organic pollutants, the mental and oil pollution, the water quality were worse than the first group and the pollution sources were relatively complex. In third group, the rivers were mainly polluted by general organic pollution, the mental and the hazardous chemicals, the water pollution was serious.