区域生态系统适应性管理概念、理论框架及其应用研究

论述了生态系统适应性管理基本概念与生态系统适应循环,着重分析了生态系统恢复力范围、抗性、不稳定性与跨尺度影响。生态系统适应循环通常经历入侵、保持、破坏、调整四个阶段,前两个阶段的生态系统演替是可以预测的,而后两个阶段是复杂、难以预测的。文章提出了适应性区域生态系统管理的基本概念,并构建了其理论框架,并以三峡库区小江流域为例,对小江流域景观生态特征、区域生态胁迫进行了详细分析。在此基础上,提出要以水生生态安全为总目标,并围绕这一目标,进行流域各生态系统的恢复力辨识、生态系统适应性循环过程研究,从各系统恢复力属性特征出发,提出了具体的适应性管理方法与模式。

Research on the Concept, Theory Framework and Application of Regional Ecosystem Adaptive Management

This paper discusses the basic concept of ecosystem adaptive management and ecosystem adaptive cycle and emphasizes on the latitude,resistance,precariousness and panarchy of resilience.Usually,there are four phases in an ecosystem adaptive cycle,i.e.,the phases of exploitation,conservation,release and reorganization;the first two phases of which can be predicted and the last two can not for their complexity and easy to change.The basic concepts of regional ecosystem adaptive management were put forward and the theoretical framework of that was established in this paper.Then,Xiao-jiang watershed in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area was taken as a study area.The characteristics of landscape pattern and ecological threats in the study area were analyzed.Finally,the ecological safety of reservoir area was addressed as a general target.Through analyzing the resilience of the landscape and ecosystem adaptive cycles,some countermeasures and modes of adaptive management for protecting Xiao-jiang watershed were suggested.