中国环境监测陆海统筹机制的分析与建议

建立环境监测陆海统筹机制是新形势下管理模式向环境质量控制转变的必然需求。通过对涉海环境监测网络建设、运行管理模式、标准规范和信息发布体系的调研,分析了环境监测陆海统筹机制面临的缺乏统一规划、管理职责不清、标准化滞后和信息发布混乱等问题,并剖析了其深层次原因。借鉴欧盟、美国和日本在环境监测陆海统筹实践中的经验,总结其对中国的启示:陆海统筹既是自然环境客观规律的内在要求,也是中国自下而上的环境管理需求;管理部门建立沟通协调机制是陆海统筹的基础,监测网络加强技术体系整合是陆海统筹的关键。遵照公正可信、分步推进的原则,提出中国环境监测陆海统筹机制的实施路线。

Analysis and Recommendations on Land-marine Coordination Mechanism of Environmental Monitoring in China

To meet the requirement of new environmental quality management model, it''s necessary to develop a land-marine coordination mechanism for environmental monitoring (LMCMEM). Through investigating on the construction of environmental monitoring network, operation and management mode, standard specification and information publishing, some problems LMCMEM faced and their deep level reasons were analyzed, such as the lack of unified planning, unclear management responsibility, standardization work lagged behind, chaotic flow of information, et al. According to the experience in European Union, the United States and Japan, its enlightenment to our country was summarized:LMCMEM is not only the inherent requirement of natural environment objective laws, but also the demand of environmental management "from bottom to up" in China. The establishment of communication and coordination mechanism among management departments is the basis, and the integration of monitoring network''s technology system is the key. In accordance with the principle of fair and credible, step by step, the implementing route for LMCMEM was proposed in China.