考虑水温变化的变降解系数在北京市北运河水质模拟中的应用

综合降解系数是水质模拟预测、水环境容量计算中的关键参数之一,并且受温度影响较大。首先基于北京市北运河代表站2010年逐日水温资料,根据描述氨氮降解系数与温度之间数量关系的经验公式,得到随水温变化的动态降解系数以及年均水温对应的恒定降解系数,并采用模型试错法进行修正。然后基于MIKE11模型,模拟了采用变降解系数和恒定降解系数2种情景下北运河榆林庄断面氨氮浓度的变化。结果表明:2种情景均能较好地模拟氨氮浓度的年变化趋势,但采用变降解系数下大多月份模拟得到的月均质量浓度相对实测值误差较小,尤其是4—12月各月平均质量浓度模拟误差控制在15%以内,全年日均质量浓度模拟误差不足4%,模型表现更为稳定。

The Application of Variable Degradation Coefficient Considering Water Temperature Variation in Water Quality Simulation Taking Beijing North Canal River as an Example

Comprehensive degradation coefficient is one of the key parameters of water quality simulation prediction and water environment capacity calculation, which is influenced by temperature. First, based on 2010 daily temperature of the North Canal in Beijing and the empirical formula which describes the relationship between the amount of ammonia degradation coefficient and temperature, the dynamic degradation coefficient fluctuated by temperature and the constant degradation coefficient corresponding to annual average temperature were obtained, which were corrected by using trial and error method. Then, the ammonia concentration fluctuation of YulinZhuang section in Beijing was simulated based on MIKE11 on the scenarios of the dynamic degradation coefficient and the constant degradation coefficient. The results showed that the annual trend of ammonia concentration could be simulated well on both scenarios, but monthly average concentration error of most months were relatively low compared to the measured value under the dynamic degradation coefficient, especially from April to December the Model was more stable, and the monthly average concentration error could be controlled under 15%, and the annual average simulation error was less than 4%.