松花江下游底栖动物组成及其环境指示作用

2005—2010年对松花江佳木斯江段3个断面进行大型底栖动物生态调查,共发现大型底栖动物51种,其中水生昆虫33种,软体动物9种,甲壳动物3种,环节动物6种。3个断面均以水生昆虫的种类数为最多,其次为软体动物,两者在各断面的年度监测中均能被观测到,且出现频率较高;环节动物与甲壳动物的种类数较少,且出现频率较低。底栖动物群落特征和水质生物学评价显示,佳木斯江段水质虽呈波动状态,但整体呈不断改善趋势,主要与溶解氧、氨氮以及总磷等指标的不断改善相关。

The Community Structure and Environmental Indicative Function of Zoobenthos in Downstream of the Songhua River

From 2005 to 2010, zoobenthos ecological investigations were carried out in three sections of Jiamusi. In total, 51 species of zoobenthos were found, of which 33 species were aquatic insects, 9 species molluses, 3 species crustaceans and 6 species annelids. The species of aquatic insects which were most in three sections and molluses which was the second, could be found in all three sections between 2005 to 2010 with high frequencies, whereas, the species of crustaceans and annelids were few with low frequencies. The community structure of zoobenthos and results of water quality bioassessment indicated that, the water quality of Jiamusi presented some fluctuation but became better, mainly associated with the improvement of dissolved oxygen, ammonia nitrogen and Total phosphorus.