燃煤工业城市大气细颗粒物中水溶性无机离子的季节变化特征及来源解析——以邯郸市为例

为探究典型燃煤工业城市邯郸市的大气细颗粒物(PM2.5)污染水平及水溶性无机离子特征,于2016年1—12月采集了当地大气PM2.5样品,然后利用离子色谱法测得水溶性无机离子的组分,分析了不同季节水溶性无机离子随PM2.5的浓度变化特征。通过对PM2.5中的阴离子、阳离子进行分析发现,SO4^2-、NO3^-和NH4^+在春夏秋冬四季均为PM2.5中的主要离子成分,SO4^2-、NO3^-和NH4^+的浓度之和在春夏秋冬四季占各季节总的水溶性无机离子浓度的百分比分别为84.6%、77.4%、89.9%、62.5%。其中,在春季和冬季含量最高的3种离子分别是NO3^-、SO4^2-和NH4^+,夏季含量最高的3种离子分别是SO4^2-、NH4^+和NO3^-,而秋季含量最高的3种离子分别是NH4^+、SO4^2-和NO3^-。相关性分析发现,2016年春季、夏季和秋季PM2.5为酸性,冬季为碱性。SO4^2-、NO3^-、NH4^+浓度分析表明,冬季PM2.5中的一次建筑扬尘排放较多。通过主成分分析法得出,PM2.5中水溶性无机离子主要来源于二次转化和生物质燃烧。

Seasonal Variations and Source Apportionment of the Water-soluble Inorganic Ions in Fine Particulate Matter in the Typical Coal-fired Industrial City:A Case in Handan

In order to explore the pollution level and water-soluble inorganic ion characteristics of fine particulate matter(PM2.5)in a typical coal-fired industrial city of Handan,the PM2.5 samples were collected in 2016.Water-soluble inorganic ions were measured by ion chromatography,and the variation characteristics of water-soluble inorganic ions changing with PM2.5 concentrations in different seasons were analyzed.The result showed that the main water-soluble inorganic ions in four seasons all were NO3^-,SO4^2-,and NH4^+.The percentage of the SO4^2-,NO3^-,and NH4^+ to the total water-soluble inorganic ions were 84.6%,77.4%,89.9%and 62.5%for spring,summer,autumn and winter,respectively.In spring and winter,NO3^-,SO4^2-,and NH4^+ were the main components.In summer,SO4^2-,NH4^+,and NO3^- were the main components.And in autumn,NH4^+,SO4^2-,and NO3^- were the main ions.According to the correlation analysis,PM2.5 was found to be acidic in spring,summer and autumn,and alkaline in winter.Based on the principal component analysis,water-soluble inorganic ions were mainly from secondary transformation and biomass burning.