湖北省重点区域及周边表层土壤重金属污染现状及评价

对湖北省内9类不同重点区域及周边表层土壤环境质量进行检测,测定重金属镉、汞、砷、铅、铬、铜、镍、锌含量水平,采用内梅罗污染指数法和Hakanson潜在生态风险指数法对检测结果进行评价。结果表明:9类不同重点区域及周边土壤环境质量整体良好,未受重金属污染的土壤监测点位比例为68.2%~92.6%,轻度污染的点位比例为5.8%~20.4%,中度污染为0.0%~8.6%,重度污染为0.0%~9.1%;污染企业周边、油田采矿区周边、固废处置场地周边、工业遗留遗弃场地及周边4类重点区域受重金属污染相对较严重,影响其土壤环境质量的重金属主要是镉、砷、铜、铅;9类不同重点区域周边土壤环境质量的潜在生态风险等级以轻微、中度为主,对应的监测点位比例分别为36.4%~80.5%、18.1%~47.7%,潜在生态风险等级为强度、很强、极强的监测点位比例总和为1.4%~15.9%,主要分布在受重金属污染严重的监测区域。

Present Situation and Evaluation of Heavy Metals Pollution in Surface Soils of Key Areas and Surrounding Areas in Hubei

The environmental quality was determined in nine different key areas and surrounding surface soils in Hubei Province, and measuring the content of heavy metals Cd, Hg, As, Pb, Cr, Cu, Ni and Zn. The Nemerow pollution index methods and Hakanson ecological risk index evaluation methods were applied to evaluate the determination results. The results show that the soil quality of nine different key areas and surrounding areas was good overall, and the proportion of non-heavy metal pollution was 68.2%-92.6%, and the proportion of mild pollution was 5.8%-20.4%, moderate pollution was 0.0%-8.6%, severe pollution was 0.0%-9.1%. The surrounding areas of pollution enterprises, oilfield mining areas, solid waste disposal sites and industrial abandoned sites were heavily polluted by heavy metals, and mainly affecting the soil environmental quality were heavy metals Cd, As, Cu and Pb. The potential ecological risk levels of soil environmental in nine different key areas were mild and moderate, with the proportions 36.4%-80.5% and 18.1%-47.7%, respectively. The proportion of severe pollution, very severe pollution and extremely severe pollution total was 1.4%-15.9%. The mainly areas of potential ecological risk were distributed in the monitoring areas with heavy metals pollution seriously. The environmental quality was determined in surface soils of nine different key areas and surrounding areas in Hubei Province, and the content of heavy metals Cd, Hg, As, Pb, Cr, Cu, Ni and Zn was measured. The Nemerow pollution index methods and Hakanson ecological risk index evaluation methods were applied to evaluate the determination results. The results showed that the soil quality of nine different key areas and surrounding areas was good overall, and the proportion of non-heavy metal pollution was 68.2%-92.6%, and the proportion of mild pollution was 5.8%-20.4%, moderate pollution was 0.0%-8.6%, severe pollution was 0.0%-9.1%. The surrounding areas of pollution enterprises, oilfield mining areas, solid waste disposal sites and industrial abandoned sites were heavily polluted by heavy metals Cd, As, Cu and Pb. The potential ecological risk levels of soil environmental in nine different key areas were mild and moderate, with the proportions 36.4%-80.5% and 18.1%-47.7%, respectively. The total proportion of severe pollution, very severe pollution and extremely severe pollution was 1.4%-15.9%. The mainly areas of potential ecological risk were distributed in the monitoring areas with heavy metals pollution seriously.