北京市公交车噪声测试与分析

公交车已成为当前北京市道路交通噪声的主要束源之一,针对公交车声源模型缺乏而沿用大型车声源模型所致的噪声预测误差问题,在北京市选取了两类常见公交车进行了537辆车的单车通过噪声测试,在无效数据剔除和背景噪声修正后,利用回归分析法获得了北京市公交车声源模型,通过与现有《公路建设项目环境影响评价规范》中大型车声源模型的比较,显示出建立北京市公交车噪声声源模型的必要性。基于《公路建设项目环境影响评价规范》中的道路交通噪声预测方法,提出了符合北京市实际情况的道路交通噪声预测模型。

Noise Measurement and Analysis of Buses Used in Beijing

Buses noise has already been one of the main road traffic noise sources in Beijing. For prediction error due to the absence of bus noise source model and using the noise source model of large vehicle, two types of common buses were chosen and the pass-by noise of 537 buses were measured. After invalid data were removed and background noise was disposed, the noise source model of bus used in Beijing was obtained by the use of regression analysis. The model was compared with the noise source model of large vehicle mentioned in the "Specifications for Environmental Impact Assessment of Highways", which shows it is necessary to study the bus noise source model. Finally, a prediction model of road traffic noise, which is more suitable for Beijing, was presented based on the prediction method mentioned in the "Specifications for Environmental Impact Assessment of Highways".