分类学多样性指数评价生态环境的研究进展

生物多样性是环境监测环境保护的重要内容之一,在众多的生物多样性指数中,包含分类学信息的指数具有明显的特点和优势。近20年来,在海洋、淡水、陆地等生境中开展了许多分类学多样性指数相关的应用研究。一些分类学多样性指数能够在一定程度上灵敏地反映出环境退化和污染,在环境监测能力和历史资料对比等方面优于传统多样性指数。在使用分类学差异性指数区分人类干扰和自然变化时结论不一,分类学多样性指数的应用受到一些因素的影响,例如生物类群选择、生境、水深、纬度等是产生分歧的因素。扩大研究范围,明确应用范围可有效发挥分类学差异性指数在环境保护和评价中的作用。

Application of Taxonomic Diversity Indices in Assessing Ecological Environment: a Review

Biodiversity is an important content of environmental monitoring and protection research; taxonomic distinctness indices have obvious advantages, among various biodiversity indices. During the past two decades, many studies on taxonomic distinctness were carried out in marine, freshwater and terrestrial habitats. Taxonomic diversity indices can sensitively reflect the environmental degradation and pollution to a certain extent, and they have better application than the traditional biodiversity indices in environmental monitoring and the comparison of historical data. There were some divergences if the taxonomic distinctness indices could reflect the human disturbance rather than natural changes; the application of taxonomic diversity index may be affected by some factors, such as the choice of taxa, habitat, water depth and latitude. To expand the study field, as well as to clear application area of taxonomic distinctness indices would effectively help the indices to play a great role in environmental protection and assessment.