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环境空气质量新旧评价体系及评价结果差异
引用本文:董有为,李名升,张文具,李茜,夏新,张建辉,吕欣.环境空气质量新旧评价体系及评价结果差异[J].中国环境监测,2014,30(4):56-61.
作者姓名:董有为  李名升  张文具  李茜  夏新  张建辉  吕欣
作者单位:北京科技大学土木与环境工程学院, 北京 100083;中国环境监测总站, 国家环境保护环境监测质量控制重点实验室, 北京 100012;天津市环境监测中心, 天津 300191;中国环境监测总站, 国家环境保护环境监测质量控制重点实验室, 北京 100012;中国环境监测总站, 国家环境保护环境监测质量控制重点实验室, 北京 100012;中国环境监测总站, 国家环境保护环境监测质量控制重点实验室, 北京 100012;中国环境监测总站, 国家环境保护环境监测质量控制重点实验室, 北京 100012
基金项目:林业公益性行业科研专项经费项目(201304301);中国工程院院士咨询项目(重点33)
摘    要:在分析环境空气质量评价体系的变化的基础上,通过分析实际监测数据说明评价体系变化对评价结果的影响。结果表明:由于NO2和PM10的年平均二级浓度限值收严,用新标准评价全国325个地级以上城市2012年的达标情况,将有164个城市由达标变为不达标;参照《环境空气质量评价技术规范(试行)》评价2012年度地级以上城市的达标情况,达标率由91.4%降为41.8%;不同时段O3的1 h平均浓度值对计算其8 h滑动平均浓度值的贡献不同,可能引起8 h滑动平均浓度值计算结果的差异;由于在计算实时空气质量指数时PM10和PM2.5使用24 h滑动平均浓度值,当空气质量突变时会出现评价结果与实际污染状况不符的情况。

关 键 词:环境空气质量  评价体系  评价标准  空气质量指数
收稿时间:2013/7/12 0:00:00
修稿时间:2013/10/15 0:00:00

Study on the New and Old Environmental Air Quality Assessment System and the Difference of Evaluation Results
DONG You-wei,LI Ming-sheng,ZHANG Wen-ju,LI Qian,XIA Xin,ZHANG Jian-hui and LYU Xin.Study on the New and Old Environmental Air Quality Assessment System and the Difference of Evaluation Results[J].Environmental Monitoring in China,2014,30(4):56-61.
Authors:DONG You-wei  LI Ming-sheng  ZHANG Wen-ju  LI Qian  XIA Xin  ZHANG Jian-hui and LYU Xin
Institution:School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University Of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Quality Control in Environmental Monitoring, China National Environmental Monitoring Centre, Beijing 100012, China;Tianjin Environmental Monitoring Centre, Tianjin 300191, China;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Quality Control in Environmental Monitoring, China National Environmental Monitoring Centre, Beijing 100012, China;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Quality Control in Environmental Monitoring, China National Environmental Monitoring Centre, Beijing 100012, China;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Quality Control in Environmental Monitoring, China National Environmental Monitoring Centre, Beijing 100012, China;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Quality Control in Environmental Monitoring, China National Environmental Monitoring Centre, Beijing 100012, China
Abstract:The changes of the environmental air quality assessment system and the effects of the assessment system to the evaluation results were studied through analyzing practical monitoring data. Results showed that: The annual average secondary concentration limit values of NO2 and PM10 became stricter. Using new standard to evaluate the status of reaching the standard of 325 cities at prefecture level or above in China in 2012, 164 cities which had ever reached the standard could not reach the standard. According "technical specification of environmental air quality assessment (Trial)" to evaluate cities at prefecture level or above in 2012, standard-reaching rate reduced from 91.4% to 41.8%. 1-hour average concentration of O3 of different time contributed different to calculation for 8-hour sliding average concentration of O3, which may cause the difference in the results of calculating 8-hour sliding average concentration values. Because PM10 and PM2.5 use 24-hour sliding average concentration values to calculate real-time IAQI, evaluation results and actual pollution status didn't match when air quality suddenly changed.
Keywords:environmental air quality  assessment system  evaluation standard  AQI
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