河流水生态环境质量评价方法研究与应用进展

河流生态质量的监测和评价是从河流生态系统健康状况的角度对河流质量进行的评价。河流生态健康的评价已经向多要素多指标综合、多种评价方法(预测模型法、生物完整性指数、多要素综合评价)、流域尺度方向发展。该文重点介绍了国外评价体系产生的背景和研究基础,分析了广泛应用的几类评价方法的特点、在不同国家和流域的应用情况以及各方法的应用前景,分析了国内开展河流生态质量评价研究的发展过程、阶段性研究进展和应用案例,并根据目前研究基础评述了我国评价体系现存问题及应用前景,为河流生态质量评价体系的建立及发展方向提供建议和参考。

Research and Application Progress of Assessment for River Water Ecosystem Quality

Monitoring and assessment of river ecosystem quality is the assessment from the angle of river ecosystem health. The development of assessment of river ecosystem health is to the three directions, as multi factor, multi index synthesis, more of evaluation methods (prediction model, index of biotic integrity, multi-factors comprehensive assessment), watershed scale. In the paper, the background and the research foundation of foreign assessment system is introduced, the characteristics of river assessment system widely used abroad and its applications in different countries and watersheds are analyzed. Meanwhile, the development process of research, the progress of different study stage and the application cases on river ecosystem quality assessment in our country are reviewed, the problem existing in our assessment system is commented as well, according to the current research foundation. What described above provides suggestions and references for the establishment and development direction of river ecosystem quality monitoring and evaluation system.