菏泽市不同类型村庄土壤主要无机元素的监测与评价

为揭示土壤主要无机元素积累成因,制定科学防控措施,以菏泽市养殖型、蔬菜型、粮食型、工业型4种类型村庄为研究对象,分析了11个典型村庄8种土壤主要无机元素含量、分布特征及污染风险。结果表明,土壤镉、汞、砷、铅、铬、铜、镍、锌的质量分数分别为0. 01～0. 53、0. 002～0. 145、5. 51～15. 20、17. 6～75. 8、14. 5～69. 9、13. 3～33. 8、18. 8～46. 9、41. 5～96. 4 mg/kg。蔬菜型村庄镉、汞、铅元素含量最高;粮食型村庄铬、铜、镍含量最高;养殖型村庄砷、锌元素含量最高;工业型村庄铬、铜、镍元素含量较高,其余元素的含量都较低。各主要无机元素平均值均未超过农用地土壤污染筛选值,但除汞外,均超过了黄河故道区域土壤环境背景值,尤以镉最显著。

Monitoring and Evaluation of Soil Inorganic Elements in Different Types of Villages in Heze

The soil inorganic element contents, distributing characteristics, and contamination risks of eight types of soils in 11 typical villages were studied in four different types of villages in heze, which were breeding villages, vegetable villages, wheat-corn villages and industrial villages respectively. The results showed that the contents of Cd, Hg, As, Pb, Cr, Cu, Ni and Zn in rural soils were 0.01-0.53,0.002-0.145,5.51-15.20,7.6-75.8,4.5-69.9,3.3-33.8,8.8-46.9, 41.5-96.4 mg/kg, respectively, Vegetable villages had maximum average contents of Cd, Hg and Pb. Wheat-corn villages had maximum average contents of Cr, Cu and Ni. Breeding villages had maximum average contents of As and Zn. The Cr, Cu and Ni were found in relatively high levels in industrial villages. The average contents of each soil inorganic elements did not exceed the risk screening values for soil contamination of agricultural land, but all of them exceeded the soil environmental background concentrations in old course of the Yellow River, except Hg.