松花江野生鱼类重金属残留分析与评价

以松花江流域的野生鱼类为研究对象,在松花江流域选取松林、大顶子山、佳木斯3个具有代表性的点位,在2014—2016年的每年5月底6月初采集鲤鱼和鲫鱼样品,3年内共制备45个鲤鱼单样,44个鲤鱼混样,30个鲫鱼混样,共计119个。采用电感耦合等离子体-质谱法对鱼类肌肉组织中残留的As、Cd、Cr、Pb、Hg 5种重金属进行检测。检测结果显示,As、Cd、Cr、Pb、Hg 5种重金属全部检出,检测结果全部达标,达标率为100%。根据检测结果采用单因子指数法和金属污染指数法等评价了松花江流域鱼体重金属残留状况及食用安全性,评价结果为松花江流域鱼类重金属残留量相对较少,鱼体健康,食用安全。

Analysis and Evaluation of Heavy Metal Residue in Wild Fish in the Songhua River

The article selected the Songlin,Dadingzishan,Jiamusi,three representative points in the Songhua River basin,with wild fish as investigated subject,samples of carp and crucian carp were collected from 2014 to 2016 at the end of May and the beginning of June of each year,and a total of 119 samples were prepared in 3 years,among which 45 samples were carp,44 mixed carp and 30 mixed crucian carp. The five kinds of heavy metals of As,Cd,Cr,Pb and Hg residues in fish muscle tissues were detected by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The results showed that As,Cd,Cr,Pb,Hg all detected,the test results were all up to standard,the standard rate of 100%. According to the results,single factor index method and metal pollution index method were used to evaluate the status of heavy metal residue in fish and food safety in the Songhua River basin,and showed that the amount of heavy metals in the Songhua River basin was relatively small,and the fish is safe as food.