环境空气中异味物质的监测、评价与溯源

针对环境空气中异味物质及其特点,从嗅辨法和成分浓度分析法2个方面,介绍了异味物质的监测方法,并比较了各方法的适用性。从臭气浓度、强度、恶臭厌恶度、相对气味活度值以及模型预测等方面,描述了异味物质特有的评价方法;从对照标准限值、臭氧生成潜势以及健康风险评价等方面,描述了异味物质普适性评价方法。指出可通过实地调查与监测、污染谱图和源解析模型等方法识别异味物质的来源。提出了环境空气异味的监测调查建议,包括采用多种技术、提高异味物质的快速初辨能力以及监测水平,研制更多的方法标准和控制标准、科学监管异味污染物等。

The Odor Monitoring,Evaluation and Traceability for the Ambient Air

Based on the odor compounds in the ambient air and their characteristics, both the olfactometry and component analysis methods for odors monitoring were summarized, and the method adaptability was compared. The specific odor evaluation methods, including odor concentration, odor intensity, aversion degree, relative odor activity value and model prediction, were introduced, while the common odor evaluation methods were also described in terms of comparing with the standard limit, ozone formation potential and health risk evaluation. The odor source could be identified by the method of field investigation or monitoring, pollution spectrogram, and source apportionment model. Thus the suggestions for odor investigation and monitoring for the ambient air were proposed, for example, improving the ability of quick identification and monitoring using various methods; establishing more standards to control odor pollutants.