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珠三角典型城市COVID-19疫情封闭期间臭氧污染的放大效应研究
引用本文:余欣洋,杨素英,刘宁微,张尹.珠三角典型城市COVID-19疫情封闭期间臭氧污染的放大效应研究[J].中国环境监测,2022,38(2):21-36.
作者姓名:余欣洋  杨素英  刘宁微  张尹
作者单位:中山市气象局, 广东 中山 528400;南京信息工程大学, 中国气象局气溶胶与云降水重点开放实验室, 江苏 南京 210000;中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所, 辽宁 沈阳 110000;珠江水利委员会水文水资源局, 广东 广州 510000
基金项目:中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费科研专项(2020SYIAEZD1)
摘    要:珠三角地区臭氧(O3)已经逐步取代颗粒物成为主要大气污染物。对新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)疫情封闭期间珠三角城市背景污染效应(特别是对O3的放大效应)进行了量化研究,发现PM2.5和NO2质量浓度均为工作日高于节假日,非疫情期高于疫情期。O3质量浓度节假日高于工作日,其中疫情期节假日浓度最高。减排会增加低温高湿背景下O3质量浓度,但会降低其极大值,并导致 O3随温度和相对湿度的变化梯度减弱。疫情封闭期间异地输送对于局地O3质量浓度的变化贡献突出。叠加疫情封闭影响的春节假期O3质量浓度比节前工作日增加20.4%~41.7%,与一般年份特征相反,而NO2降低65.3%~75.6%,降低程度强于一般年份。疫情封闭期春节期间O3质量浓度比一般年份上升14.0%~25.9%,而NO2质量浓度降低37.0%~54.5%。低湿晴好的天气为光化学反应提供有利条件,并且疫情封闭扩大了假期人为源减排规模,导致NOx质量浓度进一步下降,使其对O3的滴定效应减弱,同时静稳天气有利于O3浓度的累积,导致局地O3污染被逐步放大。

关 键 词:珠三角  臭氧  大气污染  疫情封闭  放大效应
收稿时间:2021/3/3 0:00:00
修稿时间:2021/12/1 0:00:00

Amplification Effects of O3 Pollution in the Pearl River Delta During the Lockdown Period of COVID-19
YU Xinyang,YANG Suying,LIU Ningwei,ZHANG Yin.Amplification Effects of O3 Pollution in the Pearl River Delta During the Lockdown Period of COVID-19[J].Environmental Monitoring in China,2022,38(2):21-36.
Authors:YU Xinyang  YANG Suying  LIU Ningwei  ZHANG Yin
Institution:Zhongshan Meteorological Service, Zhongshan 528400, China;Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administrator, Nanjing University of Information Science Technology, Nanjing 210000, China;Institute of Atmospheric Environment, China Meteorological Administration, Shenyang 110000, China; Bureau of Hydrology and Water Resources, Pearl River Water Resources Commission of Ministry of Water Resources, Guangzhou 510000, China
Abstract:O3 has gradually replaced PM as the main air pollutant in the Pearl River Delta region.The effect of lockdown due to coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic on air pollution in the Pearl River Delta was quantified,with a focus on O3.The results showed that PM2.5 and NO2 concentrations were higher in weekdays than holidays,and lower in lockdown period.O3 concentration in holidays was higher than that in weekdays,and it had a highest value in the lockdown period.The emission reduction might significantly increase O3 mean concentration under low temperature and high humidity background,but reduce O3 maximum concentration,which led to the decrease of concentrations gradient with temperature and humidity.Regional transporting during the lockdown increased the O3 concentrations in local area.During the lockdown period,O3 concentrations in the Spring Festival were 20.4%-41.7% higher than the weekdays before the holiday,while NO2 concentrations were 65.3%-75.6% lower than that.The variation characteristics of O3 during the lockdown period in Spring Festival were contrary to the characteristics of the same period in 2017-2019,while the decreasing rate of NO2 was higher than that in 2017-2019.During the Lockdown period,O3 concentrations in the Spring Festival were 14.0%-25.9% higher than that in 2017-2019,while NO2 were 37.0%-54.5% lower than that.On the one hand,the low humidity and strong sunlight provided favorable conditions for photochemical reactions;on the other hand,the lockdown contributed to emission reduction in Spring Festival,so that decreasing NOx concentration,which led to a lower O3 titration.The stable atmospheric was conducive to the accumulation of O3,leading to the magnification of local O3 pollution in the meantime.
Keywords:Pearl River Delta  O3  atmospheric pollution  lockdown by pandemic  amplification effects
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