欧洲大气颗粒物标准及监测体系

以欧洲环境空气质量及清洁空气指令为基础,从标准限值、监测点位布设、监测方法等多个方面,对欧洲大气颗粒物标准及监测体系进行了综合阐述。由极限值、目标值、暴露浓度限值、评价上限和下限等构成的标准限值体系协同作用,将欧洲大气颗粒物浓度控制在一定范围内;大气颗粒物监测点位布设方法遵循基本布设原则和最少点位数及AEI计算要求的详细规定;在颗粒物监测方法上,参比方法和等效方法并存,近年多种方法的应用情况也有所变化。通过对欧洲大气颗粒物标准及监测体系的综述,以期为中国大气颗粒物监测管理提供先进思路和技术参考。

Atmospheric Particulate Matter Standards and Monitoring System of Europe

Based on the Directive of ambient air quality and cleaner air for Europe, this paper made a review on the standards and limits, siting of sampling points and measurement methods of atmospheric particulate matter (PM) in Europe. The standards and limits system consists of limit values, target values, exposure concentration obligation, upper and lower assessment levels, which maintains the European PM concentrations within a certain range. The layout of PM sampling points follows the basic principles and further detailed regulations according to minimum number and AEI calculation requirements. Reference and equivalent methods for PM monitoring exist at the same time and the application of these methods has changed during recent years. The purpose of this review is to provide advanced experience and technical reference for atmospheric particulate matter monitoring management system of China.