湘江衡阳段软体动物多样性调查和水质生物学评价

对衡山大源渡电站蓄水多年后的湘江衡阳段软体动物的种类组成、区系分布以及多样性进行了调查,并用生物多样性指数对湘江衡阳段水质进行了评价。调查结果表明,湘江衡阳段计有软体动物45种,分别隶属于2纲9科18属,其中腹足纲6科11属30种,双壳纲3科7属15种,其区系成分主要为东洋界类型;其中26种为中国特有种,且湖南湄公螺为濒危物种(被《中国物种红色名录》定为灭绝的物种)。用软体动物的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(H’)对湘江衡阳段进行水质生物学评价,研究结果表明,湘江衡阳段的水质除东洲岛和衡山县城为清洁水外,其余8个采样点的水质均受到了轻度污染。

Investigation of the Diversity of Mollusca and Evaluation of Water Quality in Hengyang Reach of Xiangjiang River

The species and diversity and faunal and distribution of molluscas in Hengyang reach of Xiangjiang River were studied after many years of dayuandu hydropower station built; and in virtue of diversity indexes of molluscas, water quality were evaluated. The result of the research showed that there were 45 species of mollusca in Hengyang reaches of Xiang River, which belong to 2 classes and 9 families and 18 genera. 30 species belonging to 11 genera in 6 families of Gastropoda were found, 15 specieses belonging to 7 genera in 3 families of Bivalvia were found. The mollusca was in Oriental realm. 26 species were endemic species in China, and Mekonia hunanensis was in endangered status (It has been listed in China Species Red List as an extinct species). Shannon index was used to evaluate water quality of Hengyang reaches of Xiang River. The result showed that the water quality in Dongzhou ialand and Hengshan county town belonged to clean water, the other 8 sampling sites water had been polluted slightly.