杭州萧山区饮用水源地铁污染评价及控制对策研究

以杭州市萧山区2008—2014年饮用水源地铁含量监测数据为分析对象,研究饮用水源地的铁含量时空分布并评价铁污染状况,结果表明,铁含量单次测值历年超标,超标倍数0.01~8.80,超标率16.7%~86.1%,7年间超标率呈现阶段性的螺旋式上升,铁污染日趋严重,到2014年有所减轻。通过对饮用水源地周边环境和污染源调查,结合文献资料,分析铁污染成因,提出防治对策:制定地表水体中铁的分类标准,完善废水的铁排放标准;建立跨行政区域的水环境管理机制,全面实施河长制;加强水土保持和酸雨控制,进行河流综合整治;加强饮用水源管理,扩建备用水源和另找水源。

Research on the Assessment and Control Countermeasures of Iron Contamination in Drinking Water Sources of Xiaoshan Region

Based on the monitoring data of iron concentration of the drinking water sources in Hangzhou Xiaoshan district during 2008-2014, the temporal and spatial distribution of iron concentration was studied, and the iron contamination in the drinking water sources was assessed. The results showed that some single measurement value of iron content were over-standard every year, which is 0.01-8.80 times than the standard. The range of over-standard rate was 16.7%-86.1%, which presented the periodic and spiral increase during 7 years, iron pollution was serious increasingly, reduced to 2014. Through the investigation of water sources environment and pollution sources, the reason for iron contamination was analyzed and the control countermeasures were put forward as:Establish the classification standard for iron in the surface water and improve the discharge standards of iron in wastewater; Set up the cross-administrative region mechanism of water environment management and implement fully the responsibility system of rivers; Strengthen soil and water conservation and control acid rain; Strengthen the management of drinking water source, expand the backup drinking water source, explore new drinking water source.