铅冶炼区土壤重金属总量和有效态含量的函数分析

采集铅冶炼企业周边3 000 m范围内220个表层土壤样品,测定了有毒有害元素铅、镉、砷和汞的总量和有效态含量,探讨了它们之间的关系。结果表明:研究区土壤受到汞、砷、铅、镉的污染依次明显严重,土壤重金属的总量和有效态含量的变异系数均大于100%,土壤镉、铅、汞、砷的生物有效性系数平均值分别为25.9%、17.2%、0.58%、0.11%。土壤铅、镉和砷的总量与其有效态含量呈显著正相关(P0.001),而汞的总量与其有效态含量的相关性不显著(P0.05)。土壤铅和镉的总量和有效态含量可以用直线函数和幂函数表达,函数反推的有效态值和对应统计值的变异系数不大于10%。

Function Analysis on the Total and Available Contents of Heavy Metal in Soils of a Lead Smelting Area

220 topsoil samples were collected within 3 000 meters of a lead smelting area, and the total contents and the available contents of hazardous elements, including lead, cadmium, arsenic and mercury were determined, and then its relation was studied in this paper. Results showed as follows:Soil contaminated by mercury, arsenic, lead, cadmium was in turn obviously serious, variation coefficients of the total and available heavy metal contents were both greater than 100% in research area; average bio-effectiveness coefficient of cadmium, lead, mercury and arsenic in soils were 25.9%, 17.2%, 0.58% and 0.11%, respectively. The total contents of lead, cadmium, and arsenic were significant positive correlation (P<0.001) with its available contents, while there was no evident correlation (P>0.05) between total contents of mercury and its available contents. The total and the available contents of lead and cadmium in soils can be expressed as linear function and power function, the relative deviation between the available values, by function inverse and the total content, and the corresponding statistics was less than 10%.