基于重心模型的湖南省雾霾时空分布特征及其驱动机制分析

作为长江经济带的重要组成部分,随着工业化的发展、机动车保有量的不断增多,湖南省仍面临较大的雾霾污染风险。选取2015—2020年湖南省14个地级城市的大气污染物数据,采用GIS重心模型分析了湖南省雾霾污染的时空分布特征,并利用双变量分析法分析了其影响因素。结果显示:在年际变化上,2015—2020年湖南省各市州的雾霾污染程度总体呈波动下降,其中大部分市州的年际雾霾污染指数最高值出现在2016年。在季节变化上,由春季至秋季,湖南省雾霾污染重心向西南方向偏移;而在冬季,污染重心往西北方向偏移。综合能源消耗量、地区生产总值、交通运输和邮政业生产总值、城镇率、人口数量与湖南省雾霾污染呈显著正相关,而森林覆盖率与雾霾污染呈显著负相关。

Temporal and Spatial Features of Haze and Its Driving Mechanism in Hunan Province Based on the Center of Gravity Model

With the development of industry and the increasing number of motor vehicles,a significant risk of haze pollution is increasing in Hunan province,which as an important part of the Yangtze River Economic Belt.Taking air pollutant data of 14 prefecture-level cities in Hunan Province from 2015 to 2020 as the data source,the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of haze pollution in Hunan province were analyzed by GIS gravity center model,and the influencing factors were analyzed by bivariate analysis method.The results showed that in terms of inter-annual variation,the haze pollution degree of all cities in Hunan province decreased in general fluctuation from 2015 to 2020,and the lowest in 2020,among which the haze pollution index was the highest in 2016.In the aspect of seasonal variation,the center of haze pollution in Hunan Province gradually moved southward from spring to autumn.The pollution shifted to the northwest in winter.Comprehensive energy consumption,GDP,GDP of transportation and postal industry,urban rate and population were significantly positively correlated with haze pollution in Hunan Province,while forest coverage rate was negatively correlated with haze pollution.