“十四五”农村环境质量监测体系研究

介绍了国内外农村环境质量监测的发展历程和现状,总结了现行农村环境质量监测体系在体制机制、技术体系、应用支撑和数据共享等方面存在的主要问题,分析了"十四五"期间农村环境质量监测面临的挑战和机遇,指出"十四五"是农村生态环境保护的关键期、攻坚期和窗口期。根据环境管理对农业农村工作的新要求,构建了包括村庄、区域和流域3个层次及涵盖空气、地表水、饮用水、土壤、生态、污染点源和面源等监测内容的"十四五"农村环境质量监测体系,并提出了相应的保障措施,以期为我国农村生态环境保护提供更有力的技术支撑。

Research on Rural Environment Monitoring System in the 14th Five-Year Period

In this paper, the status of rural environment monitoring at home and abroad was introduced, and the main problems in mechanism, technology, application and data sharing of rural environment monitoring system were summarized.The opportunities and challenges of rural environment monitoring in the 14th Five-Year period were analyzed, namely it is the key period, the crucial period and the window period of rural ecology and environment protection.According to the new requirements of environmental management for agricultural and rural work, the rural environment monitoring system in the 14th Five-Year period was constructed, which includes village, region and watershed levels, and covers monitoring contents of air, surface water, drinking water, soil, ecology, point and non-point pollution sources, and safeguard measures were proposed, which can provide strong technical support for rural ecology and environment protection in China.