基于AHP-RANC模型的湖南省“十三五”生态环境评价

以湖南省“十三五”时期生态环境状况及变化情况为研究内容，在采用压力-状态-响应(PSR)模型确定湖南省生态环境质量评价指标的基础上，使用改进的层次分析-基于排名和非层次比较法(AHP-RANC)计算各指标权重，构建了湖南省生态环境质量综合评价体系，并对“十三五”期间湖南省生态环境系统进行综合评价。分析结果表明：城市环境优良天数比例、酸雨频率、地表水优Ⅲ比例、饮用水水源达标率、生物丰度指数、各污染物万元国内生产总值排放总量、污水处理率以及一般工业固体废物处理率等是影响湖南省生态环境质量的重要因素；“十三五”期间湖南省生态环境综合评价指数逐步改善，由最低值0.291(2016年)波动上升至最高值0.705(2020年),PSR循环由一般变为较好；从综合分析结果来看，生态环境质量受“天”和“人”影响较大，“十四五”期间生态环境系统的良性循环有待进一步巩固加强。

Evaluation of Ecological Environment of Hunan Province During the 13th Five-Year Plan Based on AHP-RANC

Taking the ecological environment conditions and changes in Hunan Province during the 13th Five-Year Plan period as the research content,according to the determined ecological environment quality evaluation indicators of Hunan Province based on the pressure-state-response(PSR) model,the comprehensive evaluation system of ecological environment quality in Hunan Province was established by using the improved Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) with Ranking and Nonhierarchic Comparison (RANC) method to calculate the weights of each indicator,and the comprehensive evaluation results of the ecological environment system were obtained.The results showed that proportion of good days in urban atmospheric environment,frequency of acid rain,proportion of good quality of surface water,non-exceedance probability of drinking water source,biological abundance index,total emissions of pollutant per 10000 Yuan of GDP,sewage treatment rate,treatment rate of general industrial solid waste and so on were essential and interfering factors to the ecological environment quality of Hunan Province.During the 13th Five-Year Plan period,the comprehensive evaluation index of the ecological environment in Hunan Province gradually improved,fluctuating from the lowest 0.291(2016) fluctuation to the highest 0.705(2020),and the PSR circulation changed from average to better.From the comprehensive analysis results,the quality of the ecological environment was greatly influenced by nature and human,and the virtuous cycle of the ecosystem during the 14th Five-Year Plan period needs to be further consolidated and strengthened.