三江源畜牧业示范区土壤重金属含量特征及评价

为了明确三江源智慧生态畜牧业示范区内土壤重金属元素含量特征及潜在风险,2015年7月在三江源智慧生态畜牧业示范区11个示范村镇进行土壤样品采集,带回实验室分析Pb、Cd、Hg、Cr、Cu、Zn、Ni含量。对数据进行统计分析并采用内梅罗综合污染指数和生态危害指数进行风险等级评价。结果显示:部分采样点重金属元素含量高于青海省背景值;Pb、Cr、Cu、Zn、Ni主要受土壤母质的影响,Cd受自然和人为因素的双重影响,Hg主要受人为因素影响;内梅罗综合污染指数显示11个点位的指数都小于1,该地未出现污染状况;生态危害指数显示除GMY点位处于轻微风险等级,其余采样点为中等风险等级。总体上示范区内土壤未出现强污染和面源污染状况,但需要加强点源污染的风险防范。

Characteristics and Potential Risks Evaluation of Soil Heavy Metals of the Stockbreeding Demonstration Zone in the Source of Lantsang, Yellow and Yangtse River

In order to clarify the soil heavy metal elements content characteristics and potential risks of the Wisdom Ecological Animal Husbandry Demonstration Zone in the source of Lantsang, Yellow and Yangtse River, soil samples were collected in 11 demonstration villages in this area in July, 2015 and the content of Pb, Cd, Hg, Cr, Cu, Zn, Ni in samples were analyzed in the laboratory. Then analying the data and using comprehensive pollution index of Neromei and ecological hazard index to evaluate the ecological risk of heavy metal pollution. The results showed that the content of heavy metals in some sampling locations were higher than background value of Qinghai. Pb, Cr, Cu, Zn, Ni were mainly affected by soil parent material, Cd was affected by natural and anthropogenic factors, Hg was mainly affected by anthropogenic factors. The comprehensive pollution index of Neromei showed that the indexes of 11 sampling locations were all less than 1 and there was no pollution in the place. The ecological hazard index indicated that except GMY, which was at a slight risk level, the remaining points were at medium risk level. In general, the content and potential risk of heavy metal elements in the demonstration area were relatively low, and there was no strong pollution and non-point source pollution. But in this place we should improve risk prevention of point source pollution.