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西宁冬季PM2.5和PM10手工与自动监测现状研究
引用本文:窦筱艳,王静,赵雪艳,陈珂,叶景春,钟丹丹,王婉,杨文,白志鹏.西宁冬季PM2.5和PM10手工与自动监测现状研究[J].中国环境监测,2018,34(5):156-164.
作者姓名:窦筱艳  王静  赵雪艳  陈珂  叶景春  钟丹丹  王婉  杨文  白志鹏
作者单位:青海省环境监测中心站;中国环境科学研究院环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室;西宁市环境监测站
基金项目:环保公益性行业科研专项"PM2.5/PM10自动监测的标准量值传递和QA/QC关键技术研究"(201309010);国家自然科学基金资助项目"高原典型城市机动车尾气挥发性有机物排放特征谱研究"(2015-25-950Q);国家环境监测与信息专项"多部门协作模式下的区域生态环境监测与评价机制研究"(20171101)
摘    要:为研究PM_(2.5)和PM_(10)手工与自动监测仪器在高海拔地区的适用性,于2014年12月至2015年1月(冬季)在青海省西宁市开展了为期34 d的监测比对实验。PM监测数据表明:手工监测数据之间都有差异,除了受监测滤膜种类的影响,还存在监测仪器间的系统误差。石英滤膜的PM监测数据都高于聚丙烯滤膜,尤其是PM_(2.5)更为明显,偏高近1/4;石英滤膜与聚丙烯滤膜的PM监测数据具有较好的相关性,PM_(10)监测数据的相关系数为0.97。自动监测数据之间进行了同期比对研究,发现TEOM1405DF(微振荡天平法)和APM-2(β射线法)的PM监测值较低,BAM-1020(β射线法)的PM监测值最高;而Grimm(光散射法)的PM监测值居中。BAM1020配备动态加热系统(DHS),其PM监测数据比没有配备DHS的APM-2偏高40%。基于PM监测比对研究,建议在空气污染严重时加密对各监测仪器的运行维护,并加强长期观测以全面评估PM监测。

关 键 词:PM手工监测  PM自动监测  监测比对  回归分析  监测仪器的适用性
收稿时间:2017/11/18 0:00:00
修稿时间:2018/1/28 0:00:00

Comparative Study of Manual and Automatic Monitoring of PM2.5 and PM10 in Xining during the Winter Time
DOU Xiaoyan,WANG Jing,ZHAO Xueyan,CHEN Ke,YE Jingchun,ZHONG Dandan,WANG Wan,YANG Wen and BAI Zhipeng.Comparative Study of Manual and Automatic Monitoring of PM2.5 and PM10 in Xining during the Winter Time[J].Environmental Monitoring in China,2018,34(5):156-164.
Authors:DOU Xiaoyan  WANG Jing  ZHAO Xueyan  CHEN Ke  YE Jingchun  ZHONG Dandan  WANG Wan  YANG Wen and BAI Zhipeng
Institution:Qinghai Environmental Monitoring Centre, Xining 810007, China,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Beijing 100012, China,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Beijing 100012, China,Qinghai Environmental Monitoring Centre, Xining 810007, China,Xining Environmental Monitoring Station, Xining 810007, China,Qinghai Environmental Monitoring Centre, Xining 810007, China,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Beijing 100012, China,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Beijing 100012, China and Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Beijing 100012, China
Abstract:In order to study the applicability of PM2.5/PM10 manual and automatic monitoring instruments at high altitude, the 34 days observation campaign was conducted in Xining city, Qinghai province from Dec. 2014 to Jan. 2015. The PM monitoring data showed that there were some differences among the data from different manual monitoring instruments, which might be influenced by the different instrument types and the monitoring filters as well. The monitoring PM data from quartz filters were higher than those from polypropylene membrane filters; especially, the data difference for PM2.5 was much more obvious, nearly 1/4. While, the monitoring PM data from quartz filter and polypropylene membrane filter had good correlation, with the correlation coefficient of 0.97 for PM10 data. Paralleled monitoring data from online instruments were also compared. The PM monitoring data from TEOM1405DF instrument and APM-2 instrument were lower and from BAM-1020 instrument (Beta Ray method) were the highest; while those from Grimm instrument (Laser Light Scattering method) were in the middle. The PM monitoring data from BAM-1020 instrument with dynamic heating system were nearly 40% higher than those from APM-2 instrument without dynamic heating system. Based on this study, it was suggested that the operation maintenance for monitoring instruments and long-term observation should be strengthened when encounters continued heavy pollution weather.
Keywords:PM manual monitoring  PM automatic monitoring  monitoring comparison  regression analysis  applicability of monitoring instrument
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