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我国土壤中主要元素监测技术及难点
引用本文:刀谞,霍晓芹,张霖琳,马莉娟,张霞,夏新.我国土壤中主要元素监测技术及难点[J].中国环境监测,2018,34(5):12-21.
作者姓名:刀谞  霍晓芹  张霖琳  马莉娟  张霞  夏新
作者单位:中国环境监测总站国家环境保护环境监测质量控制重点实验室
摘    要:文章梳理了国内外土壤中元素的标准分析方法,对比总结了我国标准方法的特点及与国外标准方法的差异,如我国多为元素全量监测,国外则多为酸可溶态的监测等。剖析了土壤中主要元素分析技术中的样品消解与干扰消除等难点问题,阐述了不同的酸在消解过程中的作用,说明了如何正确控制酸的用量、添加顺序、温度等关键因素,总结了干扰消除的方法等,并初步提出技术发展建议。

关 键 词:土壤  环境监测  元素
收稿时间:2017/7/27 0:00:00
修稿时间:2018/1/9 0:00:00

Over View of Main Soil Element Heavy Metal Monitoring Technology and Difficulties in China
DAO Xu,HUO Xiaoqin,ZHANG Linlin,MA Lijuan,ZHANG Xia and XIA Xin.Over View of Main Soil Element Heavy Metal Monitoring Technology and Difficulties in China[J].Environmental Monitoring in China,2018,34(5):12-21.
Authors:DAO Xu  HUO Xiaoqin  ZHANG Linlin  MA Lijuan  ZHANG Xia and XIA Xin
Institution:State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Quality Control in Environmental Monitoring, China National Environmental Monitoring Centre, Beijing 100012, China,State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Quality Control in Environmental Monitoring, China National Environmental Monitoring Centre, Beijing 100012, China,State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Quality Control in Environmental Monitoring, China National Environmental Monitoring Centre, Beijing 100012, China,State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Quality Control in Environmental Monitoring, China National Environmental Monitoring Centre, Beijing 100012, China,State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Quality Control in Environmental Monitoring, China National Environmental Monitoring Centre, Beijing 100012, China and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Quality Control in Environmental Monitoring, China National Environmental Monitoring Centre, Beijing 100012, China
Abstract:This article reviews the standard analysis methods for soil element monitoring at home and abroad, summarizes the characteristics of standard methods in China and the differences with foreign technology systems, namely, the total amount of elements are monitored in China while the acid-soluble status is monitored in foreign countries. The difficulties in sample digestion and interference elimination in soil metal monitoring techniques are summarized, and the roles of different acids in the digestion process are described. The key factors such as how to control the amount of acid, the order of addition and the temperature and how to eliminate interference are described and summarized. Preliminary suggestions on development of new technologies are proposed.
Keywords:soil  environment monitoring  element
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