我国西北典型大城市大气可吸入颗粒物浓度分布特征

我国西北地区冬季寒冷、春季多风沙天气,空气中的可吸入颗粒物(PM10)浓度较高,利用兰州、西宁、乌鲁木齐、银川、呼和浩特等城市2000年6月～2007年12月每日浓度最高的大气主要污染物(SO2,NO2,PM10)浓度资料,研究了5个省会城市PM10分布特征。结果表明,五个城市PM10污染都较严重,PM10为主要污染物的日数每月平均超过20天。五个城市的季节分布特征类似,冬春季浓度较高,平均值都达到了国家二级污染标准,夏秋季相对低一些。其中,兰州和乌鲁木齐冬季浓度值远高于其他城市。五个城市均属煤烟沙尘型污染,但煤烟和沙尘的影响程度有所不同。

Air Pollution Characteristics of PM10 in Typical Cities in Northwest of China

It is cold in winter and sandy in spring in northwest of China. The inspirable particle (PM₁₀) concentration is high in the region. Based on the data of atmospheric pollutants from 2000 to 2007,the characteristic of PM₁₀ concentration in Lanzhou,Xining,Wulumuqi,Yinchuan,Huhehaote are studied. The results show that the five cities are serious environment pollution of PM₁₀. In all type pollution matters,the PM₁₀ pollution days are more than 20 days. The mean concentrations in winter all reach national secondary ambient air quality standard. The PM₁₀ concentrations are all higher in winter and spring. The concentrations of Lanzhou and Wulumuqi in winter are higher than others. The five cities main effected by coal smoke and dust aerosol,but the pollution degree of smoke and dust aerosol is different.