基于多元统计的宁夏典农河水质演替特征探究

宁夏典农河是黄河宁夏段的主要入黄排水沟之一，其水质状况对黄河宁夏-内蒙古段跨省流域水质安全至关重要。选取典农河2011—2020年10个监测点位的16项水质参数，采用综合污染指数(WPI)法，结合相关性分析、主成分分析、聚类分析等分析方法，综合分析该流域水污染特征，并对污染程度进行评估，对污染因子和污染原因进行解析，最终提出管控建议。研究结果表明：2011—2020年，影响典农河水质的主要污染因子为COD_Cr、NH₃-N、TP、TN,对应的年均浓度范围分别为22.3～71.5、0.64～9.09、0.173～0.662、2.89～21.52 mg/L,超标率分别为46%、8%、13%、85%。典农河2011—2020年WPI范围为0.59～1.74,重金属含量一直维持在较低水平。流域TN与TP年均浓度比值范围为20～84,整体呈下降趋势，且各监测点的差异性逐渐减小；BOD₅与COD_Cr浓度比值范围为0.02～0.19,反映出典农河流域水体可生化性较差。各监测断面污染物之间存在较强相关性，其中：流域C...

Water Quality Succession of Diannong River in Ningxia Based on Multiple Statistics

Diannong River in Ningxia is one of the main drainage ditches into the Yellow River,and its water quality is very important to the safety of water quality in the Ningxia-Inner Mongolia inter-provincial basin of the Yellow River.16 water quality parameters from 10 monitoring points in Diannong River in 2020 were selected,and the comprehensive pollution index (WPI) method was adopted to comprehensively analyze its characteristics of water pollution by combining correlation analysis,principal component analysis,cluster analysis and other analysis methods.Through the evaluation of the pollution degree,and the analysis of pollution factors and pollution causes,finally proposed the control measures.The results showed that the average annual concentrations of COD_Cr,NH₃-N,TP and TN affecting the water quality of Diannong River ranged from 22.3-71.5 mg/L,0.64-9.09 mg/L,0.173-0.662 mg/L,2.89-21.52 mg/L,and the overall over-standard rates were 46%,8%,13% and 85%,respectively,from 2011 to 2020.The WPI ranged from 0.59 to 1.74,and the heavy metal content maintained at a low level for many years.The ratio of TN to TP ranged from 20 to 84,showed a downward trend on the whole,and the difference of each monitoring point decreased;the ratio of BOD₅ to COD_Cr fluctuated from 0.02 to 0.19,indicating that the water of Diannong River Basin was poor at biodegradability.The COD_Cr,NH₃-N,TP and TN pollution in the basin were divided into 3,3,3 and 4 regions,respectively,and 4,4,3 and 2 principal components were extracted,respectively,revealed 86%,86%,80% and 82% of the pollution sources.According to comprehensive analysis,the Diannong River Basin is mainly divided into upstream inflow pollutant control area,midstream pollution comprehensive control area,downstream pollution reduction and ecological restoration control area.