新疆北部沙漠边缘植被恢复可能性初探

古尔班通古特沙漠边缘植被破坏严重,沙丘活化明显,是新疆干旱植被恢复的重点地区之一,一般缺乏地表水补充,其沙丘的水分状况便成为植被生存和恢复过程的关键条件,为探究古尔班通古特沙漠边缘植被恢复的可能性,在植物生长期内对流动沙丘和固定沙丘不同部位的水分状况进行了连续监测,结果表明:沙丘大多数层次含水量月变化与月降水量分布相一致;流动沙丘含水量从上部到下部依次升高;流动沙丘中部和下部稳定湿沙层处在距沙丘表面60 cm以下,且厚度超过100 cm,固定沙丘稳定湿沙层只存在于沙丘中部距沙丘表面60～150 cm内,其厚度不超过100 cm,在一般年份,该地区利用本地种进行植被恢复是可行的.

The Research Possibility of Vegetation Restoration at Fringe of Gurbantonggut Desert

The exploitation of resources and an increase population at fringe land of Gurbantonggut Desert in Junggar Basin Ires caused environmnental disturbance to the fragile desert ecosystem. The fixed and semi - fixed dunes are becoming active rapidly. According to natural conditions of Gurbantonggut Desert, many measures must be taken to restore and reconstruct the natural vegetation, maintain the original, safe and stable desert ecosystem.Zone at fringe of desert is important zone of vegetation restoration; it is key condition for vegetation restoration and can know soft moisture of dune. With neutron, through field eslibration the soil moistttre change in different terrain parts that contain the crest, slope, and the foot of the shifted dune and fixed dune at fringe of Gurbantonggut Desert and soil moisture are measured continuously. The recorder shows that the monthly variation of dune is relate to precipitation; soil moisture of shifting dune is increase from the foot of dune to crest; the steady humid sandy layer is at the depth of 60 era under the surface and the thickness is more than 100 cm at slope and the foot of the shifted dune; the stable humid sandy layer is at the depth from 60 cm to 150 cm and the thickness is less than 100 cm. Vegetation is possible.