连续长坡路段组合线形与驾驶员瞳孔大小关系的试验分析

为了研究连续长坡路段道路线形与驾驶员瞳孔大小的关系,提高连续长坡路段行车的安全性,通过实车试验,利用眼动仪、GPS等设备采集驾驶员在某连续长坡路段上行车时的实时瞳孔直径和车速等数据,定量分析后建立了驾驶员瞳孔大小变化百分比(APCPS)与坡度、角度变化率(CCR)之间的关系模型。结果表明:在连续长坡路段上、下坡方向行车时,驾驶员的APCPS与坡度存在二次函数关系,上坡方向的APCPS随坡度增加而增加,下坡方向的APCPS随坡度增加先减小后增大;APCPS与CCR存在三次函数关系,上、下坡方向的APCPS随CCR增加均先减小然后增大后再减小;坡度与平面线形综合作用时,上、下坡方向的APCPS呈现相似的变化规律。

Analysis of the relationship of the vehicle drivers' pupil size change with the highway alignment in the status-in-situ of long and steep continuous slope

In order to heighten the driving safety on the long and steep continuous slope,the paper is focused on the exploration of the relationship between the driver' s pupil size change and the highway alignment in the said situation.For the research purpose,we have to take the curve-line changing rate (CCR) as a characteristic influential feature on the horizontal alignment in the integrated section,with the profile of the longitudinal section being determined by the slope,for in the said status-in-situ,the pupil has to be so sensitive as to be able to cope with the variation of the face-to-face environment,regardless of the individual difference among the drivers and the average percentage change in the pupil size (APCPS) as a physiological and psychological indicative factor.In our test,we have chosen 9 drivers randomly from the different occupations,driving ages and the actual age by birth.The actual driving test has been done with an eye movement tractor,the Global Position System (GPS) and some other means so as to collect the drivers' pupil size change in diameter and the driving speed of the vehicle.Since there may exist long and steep uphill and downhill slope in the actual driving practice,it is necessary to divide the testing objective into two parts,the uphill and downhill ones through the partial correlation theory.Besides,we have also established a relationship model between the APCPS and the slope,with the APCPS and CCR denoting the uphill direction and the downhill direction,respectively.And,finally,based on the aforemenitoned models,we have also set up a new model signifying the relationship among APCPS,the slope and the CCR.The results of our experiemnt show that,the drivers' APCPS has a quadratic relation with the slope,on the condition when the APCPS of the uphill direction increases with the increase of the height of the slope,however,when the APCPS of downhill direction at first decrease,and,then,increases with the increase of the slope in case of the continuous long steep slope.Thus,the relationship between APCPS and CCR can be expressed in a following curve line of three sections:first decrease of the APCPS in the uphill direction and downhill direction,and,then,increase,and,finally,decrease with the increase of CCR.On the other hand,when the slope and horizontal alignment work jointly,the uphill direction of the APCPS tends to lead to the similar change,and,so does the downhill direction.